The Historiography Of The Holocaust Memory

Since the second half of the 20^th century,coupled with the challenge of postmodern thoughts and the transformation of historical research paradigms,history has undergone various changes.In the new context of history,memory has received a lot of attention in the historical discourse system.Memory itself and memories related to various historical events and experiences have become the object of study in academia,and thus"memory boom"has emerged.At the same time,the rise of memory research is intertwined with concepts such as narrative,trauma,collective memory,and individual memory.The Holocaust as a very important in the 20^th century,the study of which has played a particularly important role in promoting the development of memory in historical discourse.Holocaust memory,as a new hotspot in historical research since the end of the 20^th century,offers an excellent perspective to study the rise,current situation,and trend of memory discourse against the background of historical compilation,historical theory,and the history of historiography.The purpose of this article is to reveal the historical paradigm changes of historical studies under the influence of memory study through historical changes,historical characteristics,narrative breakthroughs,and theoretical reflections on the history of the Holocaust memories from the perspectives of historiography.It also intends to reveal the pecific connotation and research value of the turn of history under the influence of Holocaust memory research.This article firstly examines the memory research related to history in general and the mature Holocaust research,and then takes the theoretical relationship and mutual penetration between the two as the starting point for reflection,and carry out the study through four parts.First of all,this article makes a general survey of the rise of memory research in the historical discourse system of the 20^th century,and proceeds in the following three steps.The first section focuses on the transformation of history,and the changes of historical research in research purpose,concept and method under the challenge of postmodern thought,as well as its relationship with the rise of memory study.The second section is a reorganization of the relationship between history and memory.Throughout the twentieth century,under the context of the rise and fall of memory,the relationship between history and memory changed from emphasizing discrimination to paying more attention to the connection and interaction between the two.The common direction of history and memory direction and purpose is an important basis for the investigation of the history of Holocaust memory.In the third section,the author proposes the Holocaust memory as the focus event of historical discourse system's renewed focus on memory in the 20^th century,which reflects the attributes of collective memory and traumatic memory.Then the concepts of collective memory and traumatic memory were sorted out respectively,and then the Holocaust memories as collective traumatic memories were further defined and analyzed.The second chapter examines the historical changes and characteristics of the Holocaust memories in different stages.Based on the Eichmann trial of 1961 and the German historians'debate in 1986,the author divided the historical evolution of the Holocaust memory in the second half of the 20^th century into the three stages-the early post-war period,the"golden age",and the post-Holocaust era,and summarize the characteristics of the Holocaust memory in the historical background,key events,social atmosphere,and academic concepts under the changing times.In order to distinguish between different subject positions,each stage of the examination was conducted in different positions in Germany and the Jewish world.In general,the early post-war period was characterized by silence and expatriation,the"Golden Age"was characterized by sacredness and morality,and the post-Holocaust era was represented by historization and pluralism,indicating distinctive characteristics of stages.The third chapter will focus on the dilemma and theoretical breakthrough in the historical representation of Holocaust memory in the context of the diversification and privatization of Holocaust memory since the 1990s against the background of the post-Holocaust.It's mainly carried out in the context of the Holocaust memory towards diversification and privatization and the context of postmodern historical theory.The author chose the academic conference to explore the historical representation limits of the Holocaust memory held at the University of California in 1990 as the starting point.It focused on the three Historians-Hayden White,Saul Friedl?nder,and Dominick La Capra who attended the meeting and engaged in further theoretical exploration on this issue.Their respective theoretical elaboration and confrontation with each other are related to the integration of the Holocaust with literary theory,historical practice,and trauma theory on the issue of historical representation.Based on the different perspectives of the three historians,this article further analyzes the theoretical value and practical effect of historical memory in contemporary historical research.The fourth chapter is a theoretical reflection on some important issues of the Holocaust memory in the current historical review field.As an extreme event,the Holocaust is particularly difficult to be interpreted its history,which has become the consensus of the academia.The author sorted out and analyzing the evolution of the interpretation paradigm of Nazi history over half a century,and tried to use an ideological attribute of anti-Semitism as the ideological source of the Holocaust.At the same time,the emphasis on ideology reflects the cold-war thinking inertia of Western scholars,which is also an area that has never been really valued in the Western academic circles before but is worthy of criticism and vigilance.In the meantime,the author also reflects on the relationship and interaction between the various factors of the Holocaust memory.First of all,by taking the time and history as examples,it reveals the moral tension problems that various factors of the Holocaust memory may encounter in the current and future historical writing process.After that,Margaret's theoretical model was used to reflect on the complexity of the moral attributes of the Holocaust memory.Furthermore,the author attempts to propose a theoretical hypothesis by criticizing the theoretical paradigm of binary opposition,namely,using the"magic cube"polyhedron to examine and locate the factors and their correlations in the Holocaust.In the concluding remarks,the author has made an extended thinking on the theme of"memory,justice and commemoration".Combining with frontier focuses in western memory research,it puts forward some views on historical justice related to memory,commemoration in cultural memory,etc.,with the purpose of emphasizing that occupational history should focus on the complexity of the Holocaust memory,and conduct a valuable exploration with a more sober perspective and a more open attitude in order to maintain the theoretical vitality and social function of memory.