Study On Some Historycal Issues Of Murong Xianbei

Murong Xianbei is one clan of the Xianbei,an ancient northern nomad of China in the Donghu lineage.From the Eastern Han dynasty to the Southern and Northern dynasties period,they were mainly active in the presentday's southeastern Inner Mongolia,western Liaoning,and northern Hebei provinces.The name of “Murong” was first appeared in the “Records of the Three Kingdoms·Wei Zhi” Pei Songzhi note cited Wang Shen “Wei Shu”.During the Wei Jin Southern and Northern dynasties period,the regional regimes such as “Tuyuhun”,“Former Yan”,“Later Yan”,“Western Yan”,and “Southern Yan” were related to Murong Xianbei.The history of Murong Xianbei is one of the essential subjects in the study of ancient Chinese history and the northern ethnic history of China.For a long time,although many domestic and overseas scholars have studied it.However,compared with other contents of the history of Xianbei,the study of Murong Xianbei History is still relatively weak;also,many problems remain unresolved and need to be reviewed.By fully analyzing the historical documents and absorbing the previous research results,also combining with the origin of Xianbei,the early economic situation,language families,and others to study some historical problems of Murong Xianbei,we can see the historical heritage,financial type,and its evolution and language relationship from early Xianbei to Murong Xianbei.This paper makes a further study on some problems and puts forward some superficial views.Discrimination of historical data is the basis of research.The basic historical materials of Murong Xianbei are relatively complex,and the authenticity is unclear.Although domestic and overseas scholars have made considerable achievements in the research of the Murong Xianbei and the Former Yan dynasty history established by them.However,the lack of discrimination on the historical source relationship of relevant historical materials and the vague understanding of the value of historical materials leads to different starting points of the analysis and research,and there are many similarities and differences in views.So far,it is still difficult to reach a consensus on some key issues.Therefore,as one of the research issues,this paper analyzes the relevant historical materials of Murong Xianbei and Former Yan dynasty,hoping to locate the basic historical data accurately,lay a solid historical foundation for the related research,and try to make the study of Murong Xianbei history closer to the true historical appearanceResearch on the origin and meaning of ethnic names is an important part of the study of China's ancient national history.The origin,pronunciation,and meaning of the “Xianbei” and “Murong” in the academic circles are many different opinions.Therefore,it is still necessary to study the etymology,pronunciation,and meaning of “Xianbei” and “Murong”.About Xianbei's tribe name,the most likely pronunciation forms are *s(?)rbi,*sirbi,*sirvi,*sabi,and *s(?)bi.By using the methods of history and phonology to analyze the meaning of Xianbei's name and the main viewpoints of the academic circles,we can find that all kinds of views are contrary to the historical records in varying degrees.Even from the perspective of phonology,they are not necessarily related to and lack of persuasion.Through the comprehensive analysis of the relevant data,we can see that “Xianbei” is the same as “(?)–” which means “?(white)” in ancient Korean,and it is the Chinese translation of “s(?)lb–,” but also contains “Holy”,“Heaven”,“Auspicious” and other means.Furthermore,summing up the predecessors' views on the Murong clan name,we can think that the Murong name is the original sound of Chinese characters' phonetic writing form.To explore the origin and early history of Murong Xianbei,it is necessary to trace back to the source of Xianbei.“Donghu theory” is a mainstream view worthy of affirmation.Discusses the history of the three generations of four leaders,starting with Mohuba region and end with Murong Wei before founded Murong-Former Yan regime,and the process of changing the Murong Xianbei,we can generally clarify some historical problems before and after the establishment of Murong Xianbei regime.The history of Murong Xianbei and the former Yan regime established by Murong Xianbei followed the early history of Xianbei,and its active areas and contact with other ethnic groups have changed,which also makes Murong Xianbei's economy,politics,culture,and other aspects obviously different from the early history of Xianbei.In the Tanshihuai tribal alliance period,the rapid growth of the population of Xianbei,which led to food shortage,and even the deficit,was supplemented by fishing.Until the Former Yan period,the main economic types of Murong Xianbei,such as animal husbandry,agriculture,fishing and hunting,handicraft industry,exchange trade,and exchange trade realized by plundering,making peace with relatives,and paying tribute,were greatly influenced by the natural environment and cultural environment in the activity area.The production level and proportion of agriculture were continuously increased.From the beginning,Murong Wei,ruler of the Murong-Former Yan regime,carried out the policy of emphasizing agriculture for generations to develop agriculture.Of course,in all kinds of economy,the traditional animal husbandry of Xianbei people still occupies a dominant position.In the research,the language and characters of the ancient northern nationalities in China are complicated to go deep into.They were using the language materials of Wuhuan,which has the same ethnic origin as Xianbei,by sorting out the names and place names of Xianbei and Wuhuan from historical materials and exploring the characteristics of the early Xianbei and Murong Xianbei languages.We can find that the early Xianbei,Murong Xianbei,and Wuhuan languages have not only elements of the Mongolian language but also elements of the Turkic language.Besides,we can also see words from western regions and stories that only have traces of ancient Korean.