The Cultural Exchanges In The Relics Of The Tillya Tepe

The Tillya Tepe is a nomadic cemetery in the northern part of modern Afghanistan.The people buried in Tillya-Tepe were the Yuezhi,But some researchers doubted.From the coins,boot buckles,long sword,four-lobed Dagger sheaths undernearthed in the Tellya Tepe and the historical facts,that the ethnic attribution must been the Yuezhi.The dating of the Tillya Tepe would be in the second quarter of the 1st century A.D..The founder of the Kushan Dynasty has always been the dispute between Da Yueshi(???)and Da Xia(??).The scholars who advocated the establishment of the Kushan Dynasty by the Da Xia mainly based on the Western Historical Records of The Han shu(??·???).But there is no Biography of Daxia in it.The Five Yabghus(???)in the Western Historical Records of The Han shu were handed down from the period of the Emperor Xuan and Emperor Yuan of Han Dynasty(?????).The Han bamboo slips in Xuanquan(????)proved that The Yabghus belonged to the Da Yuezhi during the period of emperor Yuan of Han Dynasty.During and after the Eastern Han Dynasty,The Kushan Dynasty was called Yuezhi.The Yuezhi(??)could be the Yuezhi(??).After entering China,the Kushan people took zhi(?)as their surname.In the travel notes of monks traveling to the west,they all called the Kushan dynasty as the Yuezhi.All these show that Kushan Dynasty was founded by Da Yuezhi.There were two kinds of Boot Buckles in the Tillya Tepe,which from tomb No.3was can be found in the tombs of Da Yuezhi,while those unearthed in tomb No.4were mostly found in the clothes of Kushan kings.Boot buckles can also be found in the Parthia and Sassanid Empire,It inherited the form of Hatra's shoe buckles in the Parthian period,and also inherited the implication that Kushan King admired the shoe buckles.The boot buckles lasted from the Da Yuezhi to the late Kushan period,also proved that the Kushan originated from Da Yuezhi.During the Parthian period,the four-lobed dagger sheath spread to the Mesopotamia.It was not found in Da Yuezhi until the first half of the first century A.D.and The four-lobed dagger sheath of Da Yuezhi may also come from Parthian.In the Kushan period,the four-lobed dagger sheath was abandoned by the Kushan Dynasty.The Pattern on the four-lobed sheaths are multi-cultural.The sheath on the left side of the man in Tomb IV,there is not only a dragon from China,but also the theme of tail biting.The sheath On the right side of the man,the theme of animal struggle belongs to nomadic art style,Swastika and four petal ornaments on the sheath were from India.There is a folding stool in tomb No.4 of the Tillya Tepe.This kind of seat is also found on the polychrome textile wall hangings of Da Yuezhi unearthed in the NoinUla tombs and the coins in Roman Emperor type of Kujula Kadphises.It should come from Rome.After the folding stool was introduced into China,it was called“Hu Chuang(??)”.As for the time when Hu Chuang was introduced into China,in view of the fact that Kushan was also called Hu(?)by the Han Dynasty,the Kushan Dynasty sent envoys to pay tribute many times before the Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty.In addition,there were folding stools in the first half of the first century,so the Hu Chuang in China may have been introduced by Kushan.