A Study On Multifunctional Adverb "Quan" And Related Constructions

This article takes the"quan"syntactic environment as a breakthrough point,based on a large number of linguistic facts,from the three aspects of syntax,semantics and pragmatics,and uses related cognitive semantics theories to reorganize the"quan"syntactic environment and semantic relevance.It is found that"quan"is not only a scope adverb but also a degree adverb,but also a mood adverb and a modal adverb.Semantic of"quan"has undergone the long and high-frequency use.There is a clear development context and semantic association between each identity,and a systematic and unified semantic evolution mechanism.This paper uses the relevant knowledge of cognitive semantics theory,subjectivization theory and modality theory to characterize the multifunctional identity of"quan",and compares the cognitive differences and substitutions of the two adverbs"quan"and"dou".Introduce the construction system related to"quan".The first chapter is an introduction,which introduces the reasons for choosing the topic,scope and content of the study,the theoretical value,practical significance,the theoretical background and research methods,explains the source of the corpus and annotations.The second chapter briefly introduces the related research on the adverb"quan"from synchronic and diachronic perspectives.Briefly introduce the linguistic theories used in this article.The third chapter lists eleven dictionaries'definitions of"quan",classifies,summarizes,and analyzes all syntactic environments(including collective objects and predicate components)of the adverb"quan".Classes include objects,four types of predicate elements that can be modified.It is found that in practice,there are many usages of"quan"that are inconsistent with research conclusions,which is worthy of further study.The fourth chapter uses the metonymy mechanism to study the generation mechanism of the"quan"degree meaning from a diachronic perspective,and proposes that the degree meaning is a derivative meaning derived from the"container-content"metaphor of the cognitive framework,represents 100%,is the maximum objective value based on the material range of its subject.Discuss the unmarked items of"quan"scope and degree according to the theory of marked marks.In a specific syntactic environment,the scope and degree of"quantity"are compatible.Distinguish the highlight environment of"quan"scope sense and degree sense.From the perspective of modality,pragmatic meaning and emotional color,examine"quan".Confirm the co-occurrence of"quan"and negative words in the negative intensity sequence.In addition,"quan"is a supplementary adverb."Quan"can also serve as an adverbial and complement by overlapping to play a deepening role.Summarize the generalized semantic features of"quan"in the adverbial/complement position.The fifth chapter proposes to subdivide the adverb"quan"into the range adverb"quan₁",the degree adverb"quan₂",the mood adverb"quan₃",and the modal adverb"quan₄".The semantic development of"quan"is mainly based on the characteristics of four core elements are:gestation,(color)consistency,(texture)uniformity,and full coverage(invisible elements).By strengthening one of the core features,weakening the mechanism of other core features,and constantly expanding the meaning of"quan",it is a process in which the material carrier continues to weaken and highlight the features to continue to strengthen the common effect.According to the modality theory,the syntactic environment of"quan₃"and"quan₄"is subdivided according to the two criteria of the general object/predicate degree and the tense of the event represented by VP.The sixth chapter briefly describes the diachronic study of"dou",the study of syntax and semantics,the study of relevance direction,the study of subjectivity and construction,and the comparative study of"quan"and"dou".The semantic development process of the two is very similar.They were all nouns at the initial stage,and later developed the usage of verbs and multi-function adverbs.On the basis of the predecessors,the differences in syntax,semantics,and generalization are distinguished in detail.The blanket process of"dou"is a dynamic addition process:allocation-aggregation."Quan"collective approach has a relatively static integrated function.Finally,we examined the replacement of"quan"and"dou".According to whether the semantics after replacement are the same,they are roughly divided into"equivalent replacement"and"permissible semantic deviation replacement".The seventh chapter gives a brief description of the current situation and reasons for the study of construction related to"quan".The construction components,generation mechanism and construction meanings of the to-be-embedded constructions"universal quantifier+NP+?(+VP/AP)"and"point-by-point constituent+NP+?+(VP/AP)"are introduced."?+X+?"as the prototype of the construction subsystem,including the sub-type"?+X₁+?+X₂+?"and the variants"X₁+?+X₂+?","X₁+??+X₂+?","X₁+??+X₂+?".And the related to-be-embedded configuration"?X?Y"and its variant“?NP₁?NP₂”“?NP?VP”“?VP₁?VP₂”.Finally,three types of grammatical constructions related to"quan"are introduced:"?+four-character phrase/idiom","?+?/?sentence","?+active/passive sentence pattern".The eighth chapter summarizes the research conclusions,innovations and deficiencies of this article,as well as the thoughts caused during the research process.