Research On Marx's Capital Critical Thought

Marx’s critique of capital thought throughout all the theory and practice at the center of the clues,Marx not only internalized in the "das kapital" of marxist political economics system,and practice into a world of the proletarian movement and human liberation critique weapon,so it become an important kernel of Marx’s thought and the reality of the theory of scientific socialism concept.From the perspective of world outlook and methodology,I try to examine the past life of capital in the world historical thinking,and clarify the system and context of Marx’s critical thought on capital.On the basis of following the text study,this paper tries to grasp the emergence and logical development of Marx’s critical thought of capital in the combination of static structure and dynamic evolution.Through the system combing the thoughts from the initial,formation,development and mature of changes in the characteristics of different stages,reveals why Marx’s critique of capital from theory to practice,how to realize the self-consistent logic and history,how to do the unity of science and value,how to realize the unity of critical and constructive,and how to complete the close to the reality and the ideal sex signatures,Marx was the found of his genius-historical materialism answered these questions;Standing at the height of world history,while affirming the positive role of capital,he revealed the negative effect of capital on social development and human freedom,aiming at realizing the rational use of capital and realizing the human society’s march from the kingdom of necessity to the kingdom of freedom.Today,the development trend of contemporary capitalism is still highly consistent with Marx’s critical thought on capital,and Marx’s critical thought on capital is still meaningful.The development of China’s socialist market economy also urgently needs the enlightenment and guidance of this critical thought.In addition to the introduction,this paper is divided into five parts,the main content is as follows:The first part studies the historical premise of Marx’s critique of capital.Since the1840 s,the proletariat as an independent political force on the stage of history,the revolutionary situation urgent "call" can reflect the reality,change the status quo of the emergence of the revolutionary thought,which has become the social foundation of Marx’s critical thought of capital came into being;In terms of ideological resources,the labor value thought of classical political economy,Hegel’s dialectics thought and the perceptual critical thought of utopian socialism in the 19 th century became the main resources of Marx’s capital criticism.Theoretical preparation,Marx through screening and clearing,"the real socialist youth Hegel errors such as thought,especially in criticizing and absorbing Hegel and feuerbach’s rational thought,based on the established the historical materialism,provided the methodology guidance for Marx’s critique of capital,and private ownership,and the alienation labor division and exchange critical to prepare for further criticism of the capital,at the same time,Marx about the exploration of human liberation way points the criticism for its direction.The second part studies the main content of Marx’s capital criticism.Capital criticism can be divided into narrow sense and broad sense.The narrow sense of capital criticism refers to the criticism of capitalist production relations,while the broad sense of capital criticism refers to the criticism of capitalist exchange relations,production relations and mode of production.Marx’s critique of alienated labor as the starting point,from the critique of exchange relations to the criticism of production relations,including the comprehensive criticism of capitalist production relations,exchange relations,distribution relations and consumption relations.After sorting out the logic of capital criticism,it points to the root of the internal contradiction of capital,that is,the capitalist mode of production.It can be seen that Marx’s capital criticism is not based on emotional and moral or moral criticism,but on the basis of scientific research on capitalist production relations and mode of production.This is not only the essence of Marx’s capital criticism,but also the ideological core of Marxist theory.The third part studies the value purport of Marx’s capital criticism.On the basis of the general development of social productive forces,the ultimate goal of Marx’s capital criticism is to realize the emancipation and free and all-round development of human beings.Marx believed that vigorously developing social productive forces is the basis of all social history.Only by vigorously developing productive forces and forming the most abundant material wealth accumulation can we provide material basis for the transformation from capitalist society to Communist society.If we want to vigorously develop the productive forces,we must get rid of the old relations of production which restrict the further development of the productive forces and rebuild the new ones.In other words,we should eliminate the capitalist private ownership and rebuild the individual ownership.The fourth part studies the general characteristics of Marx’s capital criticism.By combing and studying the different stages of Marx’s capital criticism,this paper finds that the following five main characteristics are always running through them: the unity of explaining the world and transforming the world,the unity of ideological process and historical content,the unity of scientificity and value,the unity of inheritance and revolution,and the unity of realistic criticism and ideal orientation.If only one of these characteristics is grasped,it is difficult to understand Marx’s capital criticism thought systematically.Only by comprehensively and profoundly understanding these general characteristics can we grasp the essence and essence of capital criticism as a whole.The fifth part studies the contemporary value of Marx’s criticism of capital.The first is its practical influence on the development of contemporary capitalism.The new changes in capitalism reflect the relaxation of labor-capital relations and the increase of socialist factors.The trend of capitalism is that socialism replaces capitalism,which is highly consistent with Marx’s critical thought on capital.Second,western scholars were influenced by Marx’s critical thought of capital to different degrees and made theoretical responses to it.Through the analysis of the thoughts of habermas and other scholars,it is found that they either hold a skeptical and critical attitude,or actively maintain and develop Marx’s critical thought of capital.In essence,they either unilaterally emphasize a certain dimension of historical materialism,or fundamentally deviate from it.Third,Marxism’s critical thought of capital has become a theoretical weapon for us to understand the trend of social development.Today,as in the era of Marx,capital always has the function of promoting the development of productive forces.Capital exists in many forms in our country,but it is the means of development,talent is the purpose of development.Therefore,only by correctly understanding the form of capital expression and dialectically looking at its positive role and negative influence,can we achieve both utilization and restriction.In fact,in the face of the practical problem of how to get rid of the logic rule of capital,although the existing system design can not completely solve this problem,but the continuous improvement of the socialist system and its fundamental purpose of serving the people,is by far the most conducive to the development direction of the role of capital.