| The Communist Party of China（CPC）has always adhered to the concept and position of "power is given by the people and function by the mandate of the people" since its founding.In the course of revolution,construction and reform in the past century,the CPC has been constantly thinking about how to make good use of its power,serve the people well,and strive to ensure the fairness and standardization of power operation;constantly exploring to build a perfect system to realize the scientific and efficient supervision of power operation,and has formed a relatively rich thought on power supervision in each period.This paper focuses on the historical investigation of the CPC’s thought of power supervision and is divided into five chapters.On the basis of investigating the theoretical origin of the power supervision thought of the CPC,the century since the founding of the CPC is divided into four parts: new-democratic revolution,socialist revolution and construction,the new period of reform and opening-up and the time since the new era.And this paper summarizes the main contents of the CPC’s thought of power supervision of each part respectively.The first chapter mainly introduces the theoretical origin of the CPC’s thought of power supervision.The birth of the Communist Party of China is the product of the combination of Marxism and Chinese workers’ movement.The communist party of China was founded in modern China,during which time the country constantly opened the door and integrated into the world under the impact of the world’s modernization trend.During this period,China began to learn foreign advanced modern science technology,as well as its system and ideological theory.And the Communist Party of China has been boldly learning all the achievements of outstanding human political civilization since its birth.Deeply rooted in the Chinese people and fine Chinese culture,the CPC is the faithful successor and promoter of fine traditional Chinese culture.Therefore,in the process of constantly exploring and thinking about power supervision,the Communist Party of China constantly draws ideological nutrients from the exposition of Marxist classic writers,Chinese traditional political culture and western modern and contemporary political theories,which together constitute the theoretical origin of the Communist Party of China’s power supervision thought.The second chapter mainly illustrates the form of the CPC’s thought of power supervision during the period of the New Democratic Revolution.During the period of the new democratic revolution,on the one hand,the Communist Party of China tried to supervise the power in the process of the construction of local political power,so as to ensure that its power really served the broad masses of workers and peasants.On the other hand,in addition to the armed struggle,the Communist Party of China also tried to restrain the Kuomintang’s autocracy by means of democratic struggle in accordance with the changes of the situation in a certain period,so as to protect the rights of its people.During this period,the CPC established the basic position that power comes from the people,insisted that the organs of state power should be elected by the people,and extensively absorbed workers and peasants to participate in the construction of the power.At the same time,the Communist Party of China kept a high vigilance against the growth of bureaucracy and the corruption of power in the revolutionary struggle,and constantly tried to mobilize the masses to oppose bureaucracy.In thinking about the way to develop the country,the Communist Party of China insists on developing democratic politics to promote the development of revolution and protect people’s rights,gather revolutionary forces,promote mutual supervision with other revolutionary forces,and jointly restrict the dictatorship of the Kuomintang.During the period of the New Democratic Revolution,the Communist Party of China had begun to think about how to break out of the historical cycle,and the answer was to develop democracy and let the people supervise the government.The third chapter mainly talks about the initial formation of the thought of power supervision after the Communist Party of China becomes the ruling party in the socialist revolution and construction period.After seizing power of the whole country,the CPC has maintained a modest and prudent attitude,constantly educating all its members and leaders that power comes from the people and they should still be subject to people’s supervision after taking power.The Communist Party of China also continues to maintain cooperation with the democratic parties,so that different voices can be heard.At the same time,in the process of socialist revolution and construction,the Communist Party of China continues to require its members and cadres to proactively accept the criticism and supervision of the people,tries to build a system that is convenient for people’s supervision,and requires newspapers and periodicals to play a supervisory role.During this period,the Communist Party of China initially formed a relatively systematic thought of power supervision and adhered to a basic position: power is given by the people.And all its work was done for a central task of fighting bureaucracy and through a basic approach of relying directly on the people.However,during this period,the CPC also made obvious mistakes in the understanding of power supervision.The main reason was that the "movement-style" mass supervision had a serious negative impact,and the party’s emphasis on legalization and institutionalization was seriously insufficient,as well as the party’s excessive dependence on the ideological education.The fourth chapter mainly introduces the development and maturity of the CPC’s power supervision thought in the new period of reform and opening up.After the tortuous development in the period of socialist construction,the CPC’s understanding of the ruling law has gradually matured.After the reform and opening up,the Communist Party of China deeply reflected on the past experience and lessons,and constantly made new understandings on how to strengthen the supervision of power according to the world’s development,completely abandoned the "movement-styled" mass supervision and began to highlight that the system construction is the fundamental factor of strengthening the supervision of power.During this period,the Communist Party of China had put the rule of law construction in the key position of power supervision,put forward the basic strategy of ruling by law.At the same time,the party highlighted the task of anti-corruption as the central one in the power supervision and made the great efforts to build a power operation mechanism with reasonable structure,strict procedures,scientific allocation and effective restriction.During this period,the Communist Party of China formed a relatively mature power supervision thought with system and rule of law as the core and inner-party supervision as an important part.The fifth chapter mainly illustrates the innovation and development of the CPC’s power supervision thought after entering the new era.Since the 18 th National Congress of the CPC,standing in the new era and a historical height,guided by the goal of modernizing the country’s governance system and capacity,the CPC has strengthened the supervision over its power with greater determination and greater efforts.In the new era,the Communist Party of China emphasizes using institutions to manage power,government affairs and people.It calls for tightening the institution to stop the situation of "locking up the cat in the bullpen",so that power can be exercised in the sun and the establishment of a mechanism that "does not want to,cannot and dares not to corrupt" can be promoted.Under the goal of building a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics,the CPC emphasizes to build a rigorous legal supervision system,restrict the operation of power within the track of law,and require leading cadres to take the lead in abiding by the law.The Communist Party of China is still thinking about how to solve the worldwide problem of "self-supervision",achieve long-term governance and break the historical cycle rate.Therefore,it is emphasized that the whole party should give prominence to the political supervision,purify the political ecology within the party,continue to perfect the inner-party supervision system,and focus on the "key minority",and constantly try to break the problem of "top leader" supervision.In general,since the founding of the communist party of China a hundred years ago,it has stick to the basic position and principles that the power of the party is from the people and should serve the people.Meanwhile,according to different times’ environment and realistic requirements,it has continuously developed and innovated the theory and practice of power supervision in different historical periods,and accumulated rich ideological achievements to continue strengthen power supervision,protect people’s rights,promote the modernization of national governance in the new era. |
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