Research On Marx’s Community Thought From The Perspective Of Modernity

Since the Age of Enlightenment,modernity has gradually developed into a universal and global problem.From the perspective of individuals,it is mainly manifested in the loss of value rationality,the lack of belonging and self-identity,and the dissolution of the meaning of life and a series of inherent contradictions and dilemma.From the social level,modernity brings us many potential crisis such as the polarization of the rich and the poor,ecological crisis,terrorism.The whole world is under the influence of universal anxiety and uncertainty,and hence the "hidden malaise of modernity".Marx’s community thought embodies Marx’s deep introspection and criticism to the modernity problems the human society is facing.It contains the value pursuit of “union of free people” in which the realization of people’s free all-round is the goal.The research is Marx’s theoretical crystallization of deep anatomy to the problem of modernity and the theory of critical thinking.Marx’s community thought will provide important ideological resources for responding,reflecting and criticizing modernity.The transformation from traditional society to modern society breaks people’s dependence on "natural community".Both the Renaissance and religious reform focused on the individual liberation and individual independence,under the condition of the formation abstract "personal subjectivity" is the basic orientation of value concept,the concept of value leads to the "individual" and "community" polar opposites,so that modern people suffered a fundamental dilemma.This paper is,under the horizon of modernity,to explore modern formation,foundation of modernity,critique of modernity and significance of modernity of Marx’s community thought,to release the critical and explanatory power of Marx community thought to the maximum,and to explore the possibility of real road to overcome the problem of modernity.In this sense,it will be a topic of far-reaching significance to further promote the research of Marx’s community thought.Therefore,this paper,based on Marx’s classical texts,carries out an in-depth study of Marx’s community thought from the perspective of modernity,and provides an important theoretical juncture and practical growth point for promoting the contemporary development of Marx’s philosophy.This paper is divided into four chapters except the introduction part:The first chapter sorts out the theoretical origin and social background of Marx’s community thought,and clarifies the formation of Marx’s community thought.From the perspective of the history of thought,Aristotle’s "city-state community",Rousseau’s "contractual community",Hegel’s "ethical community",Feuerbach’s "community of love" and Hess’ s "community of freedom" have influenced Marx to varying degrees.More important is that the capitalist mode of production disintegrated the traditional community,the bourgeoisie and the proletariat conflicts intensified,the ecological environment is deteriorating,the contradiction between people and society,people and people,human and nature is deepening,and all these factors contribute to Marx’s community thought which is consistent with historical materialism philosophy.The second chapter analyzes the foundation of modernity of Marx’s community thought,which lays a solid theoretical foundation for the later discussion of overcoming the dilemma of modernity.For one thing,this paper clarifies the methodological significance of Marx’s dialectics,historical materialism and criticism of political economy which provides a fundamental way of thinking,a scientific historical basis and a realistic breakthrough point for constructing the connotation of community.For another,through the three dimensions of comparative analysis of individual and community,community and society,the real community and false community,it elaborates the connotations of Marx’s concept of "community",on the basis of which,it further analyses the deepening of the community thought and profound changes to people’s self-understanding way in Marx’s theory of "three stages" of development of human history horizon.The third chapter deeply discusses the modern critical contents showed by Marx’s community thought.The development of modernity has created all the wealth for mankind on the road to civilization,but it has also brought a series of contradictions and crises.By diagnosing the symptoms of modernity,Marx focuses on the criticism of the three forms of modernity--alienated labor,civil society and capital logic,and points out that the essence of the criticism of modernity is the criticism of capital logic,and explains that it is for the "contemporary universal problems".The only way out of the dilemma of modernity is to get rid of the domination of human beings by abstract forces such as money and capital,transcend the abstract opposition between "individual" and "community",and then realize the "real community".The fourth chapter carries out mining and elucidation of modernity of Marx’s community thought from different perspectives."On the one hand,around “individual and community split" this important question,marxist philosophy began a debate with the theory of contemporary philosophy,the community thought is superior to the understanding of the problem from such philosophical schools as communitism,liberalism,organic and eastern European new Marxism,and lays the foundation value criterion for modern society,reveals Marx’s most fundamental "problem consciousness" of critique of modernity.In today’s society,on the other hand,under the background of facing unprecedented problems and challenges,Xi Jinping puts forward the construction of "human destiny community" which inherits and develops the essence of Marx’s community thought,and provides "Chinese wisdom" for solving the capitalist modernity predicament,highlights the ultimate concern of human survival and development from Marx’s thought of community.As a result,Marx’s community thought will be further promoted and deepened in the context of modem times.