Research And Application Of Scalability Method Of Blockchain Storage And Transmission

With the construction and application of information system,business data has increased rapidly,and the value of data has become increasingly prominent.However,there are some problems in data management and application,such as authenticity,reliability,traceability,privacy protection,security sharing.These problems limit the value of data,and even affect the results of data analysis.Due to its decentralized,high reliability,tamper-proof,traceability and other characteristics,blockchain technology has been applied to some information systems to solve the problems related to data management and application.The blockchain ensures the authenticity and credibility of data,and enhances the application value of information system,and it has great application prospects in various industries.However,in the process of applying blockchain technology to information system,there are some challenges in block data storage,data transmission,consensus efficiency and so on.Aiming at the problems of blockchain scalability and blockchain technology application,this dissertation focuses on the blockchain storage scalability and transmission scalability.On the one hand,a scalable data storage model is proposed,in which each node only needs to store part of block data to improve the scalability of data storage on the premise of ensuring the security and reliability of data storage.On the other hand,a scalable transmission model with transmission paths and neighbor node subareas is proposed.It can reduce the network transmission time between nodes,improve the network transmission efficiency and enhance the transmission scalability.The main research results are as follows:(1)A scalable blockchain architecture is constructed,and an improved consensus protocol is proposed.On the basis of understanding the general blockchain architecture,the blockchain scalable architecture is constructed from the aspects of consensus,storage,network,contract and application.The blockchain scalable architecture determines the scope and direction of this study.An improved consensus protocol based on Proof-of-Work(PoW)and data compression is proposed.The transaction optimization method and the block compression method are used to compress block data with smaller data compression ratio and shorter compression/decompression time.In the consensus parameter adjustment model,the data compression ratio is used to adjust consensus parameters,which improves PoW consensus protocol in terms of energy consumption and cost.(2)A scalable storage model is designed to improve the scalability of blockchain data storage.In this model,the blocks with continuous height are regarded as a virtual block group(VBG).The block data in VBG is stored by part of nodes,and each node only needs to store part of block data.The security and reliability of block data storage are guaranteed by the incentive mechanism,storage verification and audit mechanism of block data storage.The block data storage index is saved to the distributed hash table(DHT),and the query efficiency of block data is improved.The model does not change the consensus mechanism and network topology,but maintains the reliability and security of the original blockchain system.It reduces the data storage requirements to a large extent with a shorter data request time,and improves the scalability of blockchain data storage.(3)A scalable network transmission model is designed to improve the network transmission efficiency of blockchain.In this model,the data of transmission paths is attached to the transmitted data,and data-transmitting nodes filter out the nodes that have received data according to the transmission path,thereby avoiding redundant forwarding.Furthermore,each k-bucket storing neighbor nodes is divided into multiple subareas,and neighbor nodes are evenly distributed to these subareas for reducing data-transmitting levels.Several redundant closer nodes transmit data to the target node for ensuring the target node receives the data.This model shortens the time of data transmission,provides better transmission efficiency,and improves the scalability of network transmission.(4)An application solution based on the blockchain scalable architecture is proposed to realize the application of storage and transmission scalability.Based on the requirements of the structured data management in information system,a general application solution is proposed.An overall business structure of the application adopting blockchain technology in the information system is designed.Each node only needs to store part of data to realize the reliable storage and the rapid data query.Nodes synchronize data with neighbor nodes through the blockchain network.This solution promotes the application of blockchain technology in the information system,and provides reference for the application of blockchain technology in each industry.