Research On Urban Rail Transit,Industrial Agglomeration And Urban Competitiveness

Urban rail transit is an important infrastructure for a city or even a country.It is a booster to support and lead urban development and a new engine for high-quality economic and social development.It has exerted a profound influence on many aspects of social and economic fields.At present,under the influence of the social environment at home and abroad,the downward pressure of China’s economy is increasing.The central government has launched the "new infrastructure" plan,and the urban rail transit infrastructure project has become the key investment field of local governments.Local governments are racing to develop rail transit in an effort to gain an edge in urban competition.Then,can the development of urban rail transit bring about factor aggregation and promote industrial aggregation? What are the effects of urban rail transit and industrial agglomeration on urban competitiveness? Is there significant industrial and regional heterogeneity? To solve these problems,this thesis studies from the following two aspects:(1)systematically analyzes the influence mechanism of urban rail transit on factor agglomeration and industrial agglomeration,and discusses the conduction effect of factor agglomeration on the process of urban rail transit affecting industrial agglomeration;(2)taking urban competitiveness as the research objective,this thesis analyzes the impact of urban rail transit and industrial agglomeration on urban competitiveness.Therefore,this thesis mainly carries out the following research work:Firstly,the theoretical analysis of urban rail transit influencing factors agglomeration,industrial agglomeration and urban competitiveness.Based on the industrial agglomeration theory,industrial association theory and competitive advantage theory,this thesis constructs research framework of urban rail traffic’s impact on the industrial agglomeration and urban competitiveness,reveals the action mechanism of urban rail transit on industrial agglomeration effect,and transmission route of factors agglomeration,finally further analyzes the mechanism of the urban rail transit on urban competitiveness.Secondly,the index construction and measurement of factor agglomeration,industrial agglomeration and urban competitiveness.The first step is to construct an evaluation index system of urban element agglomeration centered on labor force agglomeration,capital agglomeration and technological innovation agglomeration,and to measure the level of urban factor agglomeration at and above the prefecture level from 2006 to 2018.Based on location entropy to measure the level of industrial agglomeration,the second step is to measure the industrial agglomeration degree focusing on urban manufacturing,construction,producer services,consumer services,public services,etc.The final step is to measure the competitiveness of each city by using principal component analysis.Thirdly,empirical study on agglomeration of influential factors and industry of urban rail transit.Selecting indicators such as line length,number of configured vehicles,station number which can represent the development scale of urban rail transit,and based on panel data of cities at and above the prefectural level,it respectively makes the empirical research of influence mechanism of urban rail transit on element concentration and industrial cluster by using the static and dynamic panel data model,and makes the quantitative analysis of urban rail transit’s influence effect on element agglomeration and industry cluster effect.Furthermore,according to the mediating effect test method,and by taking factor agglomeration as intermediate variable,it constructs the mediating effect model of urban rail transit,factor agglomeration and industrial agglomeration,and empirically studies the effect mechanism of urban rail transit on industrial agglomeration through factor agglomeration.Fourthly,empirical research on the impact of urban rail transit on urban competitiveness.For urban rail transit,industrial agglomeration and interactive relationship between them,it aims to construct PSM-DID model to study the promotion effect of the opening of urban rail transit on urban competitiveness,and makes counterfactual analysis including validity test,mutual support hypothesis test,degree of sensitivity test of policy to time change through changing time width,which proves the rationality of the model selection and rules out the noise impact of policy or other factors on explanatory variables.Finally,it studies the industrial heterogeneity analysis of the impact of urban rail transit on urban competitiveness,and makes deep discussion on the regional heterogeneity.The main conclusions of this thesis are summarized as follows:Firstly,the development status and measurement results of urban rail transit show that: the development and investment scale of urban rail transit is relatively large in the main cities of coastal areas in eastern China and the provincial capitals with relatively developed economy in central and western China,while the investment scale of urban rail transit in other places lags behind.At present,the agglomeration of urban elements in China has the characteristics of dynamic change in time,which is mainly reflected in the basic trend of constant change and increase in the mean value of urban agglomeration of elements.It is worth noting that the level of urban industrial agglomeration in China also shows similar distribution characteristics.Secondly,urban rail transit has a positive effect on factor agglomeration.Among them,the length of urban rail transit line effectively attracts the agglomeration of labor force,capital and technological innovation.The influence coefficients are 0.1209,0.1021 and 0.0355,respectively,and they are all significant at the significance level of 5%.The number of vehicles allocated in urban rail transit can effectively attract the agglomeration of labor force,capital and technological innovation.The influence coefficients are 0.1827,0.1123 and 0.1403,respectively,which are significant at the significance level of 5% or 1%.The number of urban rail transit stations effectively attracts labor and capital agglomeration,but does not pass the significance test for technological innovation agglomeration.Thirdly,urban rail transit has a positive effect on industrial agglomeration,but there is heterogeneity among different industries.Among them,the length of urban rail transit line has a significant positive effect on the agglomeration of construction industry,producer services and public services,and the influence coefficient is significant at the significance level of 1% or 5%,while it has a restraining effect on the agglomeration of consumer services.The number of vehicles allocated to urban rail transit has a significant positive effect on the agglomeration of producer services,consumer services and public services,and the effect coefficient is significant at the significance level of 1%,while it has a restraining effect on the agglomeration of manufacturing industry and construction industry.The number of urban rail transit stations has a positive effect on the agglomeration of construction industry,producer services and public services,and the influence coefficient is significant at the significance level of 1%,while it inhibits the agglomeration of manufacturing industry and urban consumer service industry.Fourthly,urban rail transit can promote industrial agglomeration by attracting elements agglomeration.The length of urban rail transit line can effectively attract the agglomeration of urban manufacturing industry,urban construction industry and producer services through the agglomeration of labor,capital and technology innovation,but it cannot attract the agglomeration of public services through the agglomeration of labor force.The number of vehicles allocated in urban rail transit can effectively attract the agglomeration of urban manufacturing industry,urban construction industry and service industry through the agglomeration of labor force,capital and technology innovation.The number of urban rail transit stations can promote the agglomeration of urban manufacturing,construction,producer services and urban consumer services through factor agglomeration,but cannot effectively promote the agglomeration of public services.Fifthly,urban rail transit can improve urban competitiveness,but there is regional heterogeneity.In addition,industrial agglomeration has significant industrial heterogeneity on the improvement of urban competitiveness.The agglomeration of public services can significantly promote the improvement of urban competitiveness,while the agglomeration of other industries has no significant effect on urban competitiveness.At the same time,different types of industrial agglomeration have different moderating effects.Manufacturing agglomeration will reduce the impact of urban rail transit on urban competitiveness,while producer services agglomeration will improve the impact of urban rail transit on urban competitiveness.The development of urban rail transit in the eastern,central and western regions can all improve the urban competitiveness,but the regression coefficients of the eastern and central regions are significant,which are all significant at the significance level of 1%.The promotion effect of urban rail transit in western China is weak and does not pass the significance test.The innovation points of this thesis are mainly reflected in the following aspects:Firstly,it constructs a theoretical analysis framework of the influence of urban rail transit on industrial agglomeration.By exploring the influence mechanism of urban rail transit on factor agglomeration and industrial agglomeration,this thesis explains the influence of urban rail transit on factor agglomeration and the theoretical mechanism of factor agglomeration promoting industrial agglomeration.Secondly,it expands the research perspective of the impact of urban rail transit on industrial agglomeration.Existing researches mainly take urban rail transit and labor concentration or single capital agglomeration as research perspective,while in this thesis,it incorporates the urban rail transit,element agglomeration and industry cluster into the same analysis framework,and by constructing theoretical model analysis of urban rail transit and factors of agglomeration and the relationship between the industrial agglomeration,it deepens the understanding of the effect mechanism of urban rail transit on factor agglomeration and industry agglomeration,which provides a new theoretical perspective for promoting and developing the relationship among urban rail transit,factor agglomeration and industrial agglomeration.Thirdly,it enriches the empirical research on urban rail transit,industrial agglomeration and urban competitiveness.Using the generalized moment estimation method,the mediation effect model and PSM-DID model,it explores the influence mechanism of urban rail transit and industrial agglomeration on urban competitiveness,quantitatively analyzes the effects of urban rail transit,industrial agglomeration and their interaction on urban competitiveness,enriches and expands the cross research of transportation economy,industrial economy and urban competitiveness.