Research On Governance Model For Stakeholders Network Of Social Innovation

As the global imbalance of 'technology-economy' subsystem and 'society-institution'subsystem deepens and conflicts intensifies,social issues have become increasingly complex and diverse.Social innovation,as an organic mechanism and a form of practice for government,society,and enterprise to systemically solve social problems and meet social needs,is emerging as a global phenomenon."Social innovation" is a new topic with important cognitive and instructive values,both for the modernization of the world and China as a practical science,and for the knowledge construction of social science from a theoretical perspective.In China,social innovation is shifting from a new innovative concept to a form of action involving extensive social participation.In recent years,many domestic enterprises,social organizations,and local governments have actively promoted and explored social innovation practices but resulted in underachievement.A great number of social innovation attempts have encountered problems and obstacles in the process of implementation,causing difficulties to maintain or even leading to stagnation.Due to lagged theoretical research and management experience in social innovation in China,it is unable to provide governance strategies and policy recommendations for the growing number of local social innovation practices.Therefore,social innovation research based on China's actual situation urgently is needed to be further deepened and strengthened.From the perspective of the stakeholder network,this research adopts the Freeman stakeholder interests and rights analysis method to explore the subject types,interest and right claims,behavior performance,and characteristics of network structure characteristics in social innovation,as well as how governance entities carry out network governance,how to choose the appropriate governance model.It is expected to reveal the selection path of the "network subject-stakeholder network structurenetwork governance model",analyze the factors influencing the model selection,propose selection strategies,and provide governance recommendations and management strategies to ensure the stability of the network structure and promote the effectiveness of social innovation.This research first defines the connotation of the concepts of social innovation,stakeholder,network governance,etc.through literature review,draws attention to the changes in the overall interaction mode in the process of social innovation,and selects the creative implementation stage of social innovation as the specific research topic.It also provides the governance framework of the stakeholder network in the implementation stage.Furthermore,it provided an analysis model from social innovation governance entity types,social innovation network types,stakeholder network governance models,to social innovation effectiveness.Combined with the research methods of social network analysis(SNA)and qualitative comparative analysis(QCA),hypothesis test was conducted on the selection model of the stakeholder network governance model in the implementation process of social innovation.Finally,research conclusions were drawn based on empirical analysis,and the practicality of the theoretical model and further research perspectives were reviewed.Based on the configuration analysis of qualitative comparative analysis and case study,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)The individual attributes of the "interest-power"of the stakeholders in the social innovation network will directly affect the characteristics of the network structure.Based on the level and symmetry of the interests and power of stakeholders,the stakeholders are divided into three types:determinate type,expected type and potential type.The number of determinate stakeholders in the social innovation network can directly impact on the density and the centrality of the network.In other words,when the attributes of stakeholder's interests and power is changing,it may directly lead to stakeholders Changes in the properties of the network structure.Therefore,in the implementation process of social innovation,governance entities need to maintain dynamic and continuous attention to the changes of stakeholder's interests and power in the social innovation network,especially the number increasing or decreasing of determinate stakeholders in the social innovation network.(2)The cooperation of multiple governance entities is conducive to achieving better social innovation results than the leadership governance by a single governance entity.Because social problems often have intricate network relationships,it is difficult for a single governance entity to obtain high social effects due to limited resources and power.The results of this study show that social innovation requires multiple entities such as government,enterprises,and society to participate in governance.All integrated parties play their unique roles to compensate for the limitations of a single governance entity,also to promote the sustainable and high-quality development of social innovation and provide guarantee and support for obtaining better social innovation performance through the cross-border cooperation and collaborative governance of multiple entities.(3)The choice of social innovation network governance model is affected by the types of multiple social innovation entities and the types of social innovation networks.The comparative analysis of cases study shows that different types of social innovation and multiple subject types and types of social innovation networks need to match the appropriate social innovation network governance model in order to bring about a governance effect with high social innovation effectiveness.Selecting governance models requires comprehensive consideration of the differences in the attributes of the governance entities and in the structural differences of social innovation networks.According to different governance entities,it is expected to match either the shared network governance model or the polycentric governance model for different social innovation network types.In the meanwhile,it should cooperate with stakeholder management strategies to maintain the stability and vitality of the social innovation network and achieve the best social innovation results.The innovation of this research mainly manifests in the following three aspects:Innovation in research perspectives.It is the first time that the perspective of stakeholder networks is introduced into the research on stakeholder governance of social innovation,especially taking the stakeholder right attributes as a breakthrough point.It constructed the influence path of stakeholder "individual-network" and studied stakeholder network governance,which strengthened the explanatory power of the theory.Innovation in research content.It cross-combined social network theory and stakeholder theory,conducted in-depth research of stakeholder network governance in the context of social innovation.Based on the particularity of social innovation subjects and network structure types,it proposed a selection strategy model for social innovation network governance.Innovation in research methods.This study emphasized case study and adopted normative research methods including social network analysis by using the software of Ucinet and qualitative comparative analysis by using the software of fsQCA to carry out small sample cases study,and empirically test the influence of conditional combination variables on outcome variables.These methods overcome the difficulty of cases collection,the complication of influencing factors,and the deficiency of quantitative research.There are still areas for expansion of this research:in terms of research methods,large-sample empirical research can be carried out with the increase of social innovation cases,and long-term observation of cases can be used to carry out dynamic governance research in the whole process of social innovation.In terms of research content,the influencing factors,such as the external environmental factors like culture and policy and the internal factors including relationship strength and relationship quality between stakeholders in the network,could be taken into consideration on the effectiveness of social innovation performance.