Measurement And Analysis Of Atmospheric Aerosols And Turbulence In Three Typical Regions

Atmospheric aerosols affect the transmission of light waves in the atmosphere through absorption and scattering effects,and they are also able to modify the radiation revenue and expenditure through the properties of clouds.Due to its disorder and uncertainty,atmospheric turbulence in the near-surface layer has a complex relationship with atmospheric aerosols.China is a vast country,and atmospheric aerosols and atmospheric turbulence have different characteristics under different topography,environment and climate,so there are uncertainties in understanding the characteristics of atmospheric aerosols and atmospheric turbulence in different regions.Therefore,the effective acquisition of aerosol and turbulence parameters in various regions and the objective and accurate understanding of the relationship between aerosol and turbulence are of great significance to the establishment of aerosol models and astronomical photoelectric site selection in the future.In this paper,the measurement of atmospheric aerosol and turbulence were carried out in three typical regions of China(plateau,coastal and inland areas).Based on the data of aerosol and turbulence in the near surface layer,combined with ground-based observation equipment and meteorological parameters,the relevant characteristics of aerosol and turbulence in different areas are analyzed.The main work and achievements of this paper are as follows:(1)A new method for the comprehensive detection of key atmospheric optical parameters based on UAV technology is proposed.This method takes the multi rotor UAV as the basic platform,and independently designs a set of load system with high integration and fine resolution.The results of the applicability analysis of the method show that the method correlates well with the measurement results of the Kite Balloon at the same location and at the same time,with fast data reception and effective transmission,this method can meet the demand for the measurement of meteorology,aerosols and turbulence and other fine detailed structural in the near-surface atmospheric environment.The new method can effectively improve the resolution,accuracy and multi-parameter synergy of data,and can obtain the real-time data on the vertical structure of atmospheric aerosol and turbulence in the near-surface layer;at the same time,due to the flexibility,mobility and expandability of the UAV,the method can also carry out three-dimensional detection in the planning area,and can independently match the detection sensors to meet the needs of the detection task,and obtain the fine structure of various atmospheric parameters in the near-surface layer in the designated area.The method not only solves the limitations of the current methods for measuring atmospheric aerosols and turbulence in the near-surface layer,but also provides prospects and new ideas for the development of UAV technology and atmospheric detection research.(2)Atmospheric aerosol and turbulence studies in the plateau region(DaQaidam)were carried out.The overall environment in the DaQaidam area is relatively clean,aerosol concentrations ranging from 80 to 180 particles/cm3,with an oscillating trend of decreasing with increasing height.Both the near-ground and vertical particle spectrum are represented by the superposition of the an accumulation and a coarse particle modes with the particle peak radius of 0.17μm and 1.65μm respectively.The turbulence of moderate to strong intensity is dominant in this region and the vertical structure of the near-surface turbulence is stronger near the ground,while the magnitude of turbulence above 90m varies little and is relatively stable.In addition,the overall atmospheric stability of the region is in a stable and neutral laminar state.(3)Atmospheric aerosol and turbulence studies in the coastal region(Maoming)were carried out.There is no obvious diurnal variation of aerosols in the Maoming area during the experiment,and the near-surface aerosols are well mixed.The aerosol number concentration is negatively correlated with the wind speed,mainly with accumulation particles of 0.12～0.5μm.The near-surface particle spectrum can be represented by the superposition of the an accumulation and a middle modes,while the vertical particle spectrum is the superposition of two accumulation modes and a middle mode;the vertical structure of atmospheric turbulence in the region shows a trend of decreasing turbulence with increasing height,and as turbulence increases the aerosol concentration in this layer also decreases;in addition,the region is dominated by moderately weak turbulence.(4)Atmospheric aerosol and turbulence studies in the inland region(Hefei)were carried out.The diurnal variation of aerosol near the ground in the Hefei area is characterized as "large at both ends and small in the middle",particle number concentration increasing with height and has a good negative correlation with wind speed,at same time,the inversion layer has a suppressive effect on aerosol concentrations.The aerosol particles near the ground and vertical spectrum can be represented by a superposition of a accumulation mode and a middle mode,with the peak radius around of the 0.17μm and 0.45μm.The region is dominated by mediumintensity turbulence,which shown to decrease with increasing height in the vertical structure,but there is little difference in overall magnitude between height layers and no alternation between strong and weak turbulence.(5)Atmospheric aerosols and turbulence were measured and analysed during a heavy fog in the Hefei area.During the test period,the near-surface aerosol was well mixed and stable with a standard deviation of only 30-100 particles/cm3 in the pre-fog and post-fog phases.In the fog,the inversion temperature process inhibits the diffusion of aerosol transport,forming a "pot lid effect",the particles have a hygroscopic growth,touching and merging effect.Turbulence is mainly medium intensity turbulence,before and after the fog,the vertical structure of turbulence shows a tendency to weaken with height,however,in the fog,the turbulence in the inversion layer increases significantly so that the fog continues to develop.In addition,there is no obvious "transition moment" in the fog.This paper extends the innovative method of detecting key parameters of the nearsurface atmospheric optics and uses the method measured and analysed the near-surface aerosols and turbulence in three typical regions,and also carries out research on the characteristics of aerosols and turbulence under special weather conditions,which will help us to make reference to meteorological model forecasting,environmental decision support,atmospheric radiation transport,aerosol modelling and boundary layer processes under complex weather conditions in typical regions.