| On September 22,2020,President Xi Jinping issued a formal speech in the general debate of the 75th United Nations General Assembly,and explicitly proposed the strategic objective of carbon neutralization and carbon peak.The new energy microgrid incorporates renewable new energy such as wind and solar powers and couples various distributed energy supply units.It is flexible,low-carbon,clean and efficient,which makes it become a key force to increase clean energy consumption,improve energy supply structure and achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutralization.Therefore,new energy microgrid will usher in rapid development.However,on the one hand,the construction of new energy microgrids in China is still in the demonstration and pilot stage,and the basic system composition and operation modes for different energy consumption-based scenarios and different user groups need to be further improved and clarified.On the other hand,compared with stable utility power grid,new energy microgrids have the characteristics of complex system coupling,intermittent output of units,diversity of energy load and so on.Thus,higher requirements are put forward for operation optimization.In this context,how to consider the characteristics of supply and demand,carry out multienergy collaborative system structure design for different typical energy consumptionbased scenarios,operate and optimize the new energy microgrid system economically and efficiently,improve the energy utilization rate of the new energy microgrid,and enhance the sustainable development ability of new energy microgrid has become a popular research direction in the field of new energy microgrids.Based on this,the main contents of this thesis are concluded as follows:(1)The basic theory,practice and energy modeling analysis of new energy microgrids are carried out.Firstly,the definition of new energy microgrid is combed and the types of new energy microgrid are analyzed.Secondly,the current practice projects of new energy microgrid from both domestic and foreign perspectives are analyzed and summarized;Finally,new energy microgrid system is modelled in terms of energy generation,conversion and storage,and the flow relationship between energies is analyzed,which lays a theoretical,practical and modeling foundations for the follow-up research of this thesis.(2)The multi-energy cooperative configuration of new energy microgrid and the operation mode of typical scenarios are studied.Firstly,the multi-energy cooperative configuration mode of new energy microgrid is designed in terms of power generation characteristics,energy type and application scenario,which is the basis of the configuration mode for the study of the differentiated operation mode of typical application scenarios of new energy microgrid considering the scenario characteristics.Secondly,three typical application scenarios,namely urban parks,new rural areas and remote isolated areas,are used to design a differentiated new energy microgrid differential operation mode with scenario area characteristics and supply and demand characteristics,which lays a reference for system configuration and operation mode for the subsequent research of this thesis.(3)A multi-energy collaborative operation optimization model of new energy microgrid in urban park is constructed.Firstly,a multi-energy coordinative system of new energy microgrid in urban park is constructed,coupled with heat,electricity,and gas.Based on the comprehensive electricity-heating price-based demand response,the internal optimization model with users participating in new energy microgrid in urban parks is designed.On this basis,the Stackelberg game analysis with external energy network is carried out.Secondly,the external energy network is considered as the market leader and the new energy microgrid operator in the urban park serves as the market follower.The Stackelberg game operation optimization model between the urban new energy microgrid and the external energy network is constructed where uncertainty of clean energy is involved.Then,a solution algorithm for addressing the uncertainty is proposed,where scenario generation and reduction methods are employed.An equilibrium solution solving algorithm based on particle swarm optimization is constructed for solving the Stackelberg game operation optimization model.Finally,an industrial park in a province of northern China is considered as the research background,multi scenario operation optimization schemes are set up,and the multi-scenario operation optimization research is carried out.The results show that the implementation of internal optimization of new energy microgrid in urban parks can effectively enhance the matching of internal supply and demand,increase internal energy consumption,and meet more internal needs through coordination,which has better economic and environmental benefits.For the external energy network,affected by the price adjustment of electricity and heat in the internal system of the new energy microgrid in the urban park,the external energy network has also adjusted its heat sales and electricity price within the constraints.However,the net income of the park still shows an increasing trend due to the reduction of the trading volume of participating in the external energy market.(4)A multi-energy collaborative operation optimization model of new energy microgrid in new rural areas is constructed.Firstly,for rural industry and rural life,the distributed rural industrial clean energy system and distributed rural household clean energy system with rural characteristics such as biomass and roof photovoltaic power generation are constructed.Energy storage aggregator is introduced,and the overall design of the rural new energy microgrid multi-energy collaborative system is carried out.On this basis,the low-carbon quantitative model is constructed,to quantify the effect of new energy microgrid system on carbon emission reduction in rural areas.Secondly,fully considering the demands of investors under different energy consumption scenarios,taking the largest income of rural industrial clean energy system and the lowest cost of rural household clean energy system as the aims,the conventional operation optimization model without considering the uncertainty of clean energy and the robust stochastic operation optimization model considering the uncertainty of clean energy are constructed respectively.Taking a rural area in Henan Province as the research background and lowcarbon degree as the important evaluation index,a progressive multi scenario operation optimization scheme is set up to carry out multi scenario optimization research.The research results show that the new energy microgrid system in new rural areas constructed in this chapter can effectively reduce the cost of rural energy consumption and enhance the low-carbon level in rural areas.However,for the distributed rural industrial clean energy system,due to low matching between supply and demand and high daily agricultural irrigation load in summer,it is necessary to fully consider the demand response program and guide users to transfer the load demand to enhance the low-carbon level.On the other hand,robust stochastic optimization is introduced for the system to mitigate the output risk of clean energy and reduce the energy supply of clean energy.Energy suppliers need to reasonably set the robustness coefficient according to the actual situation to avoid excessive response and increase the user cost.As a flexible backup resource,energy storage aggregators should pay attention to giving certain concessions in electricity price at the initial stage of participation to increase their profitability.(5)A multi-energy collaborative operation optimization model of isolated new energy microgrid in remote area.Firstly,the remote new energy microgrid with remote characteristics such as coupled thermal power station is constructed.The uncertainty analysis and modeling are carried out from both sides of supply and demand.Secondly,the double-layer operation optimization model with "source-load" full interaction is constructed.In the upper layer,load transfer scheme is conveyed to the lower,and optimized output plans of units in lower layer are sent to the upper.Then,a two-level uncertainty addressing method with scenario generation and opportunity constraint methods included is constructed,as well as a two-level operation optimization model solving algorithm based on improved genetic algorithm.Finally,a remote area in Northwest China is taken as the research background,and multi-scenario operation optimization schemes are set up for multi-scenario operation optimization research.The research results show that the double-layer uncertainty treatment model proposed in this chapter can effectively reduce the energy supply deviation caused by the uncertainty of clean energy output and improve the safety and effectiveness of isolated new energy microgrid operation;The double-layer optimization model proposed in this chapter can realize the "source-load" two-way interaction and effectively reduce the load shedding rate.If there is still load shedding,the installed capacity of units can be increased to further reduce the load shedding.However,it will increase the waste of clean energy to varying degrees,implementing multi-type demand response or increasing energy conversion units is considered to further improve energy utilization.(6)The benefit distribution model of multi-energy cooperative subjects of new energy microgrid is constructed.Firstly,it combs the internal and external cooperation subjects of multi energy collaboration in new energy microgrid,and analyzes the incremental benefits generated by multi energy collaboration;Secondly,the role orientation of different cooperation subjects is clarified,the benefit distribution model of basic cooperative subjects based on the Shapley value method of cooperative game is constructed,and then the basic Shapley value method is comprehensively improved by further employing two kinds of improvement factors:actual risk bearing and actual alliance contribution.Finally,based on the optimization results of multi-energy system operation in Chapters 4,5 and 6 as the case background,the benefit distribution of cooperative subjects is carried out.The research results show that the benefit distribution model established in this chapter can be effectively applied to the benefit distribution among various cooperative subjects such as internal and external subjects of new energy microgrid,so as to increase the overall benefit distribution satisfaction of cooperative alliance. |
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