| As an important continuous landscape open space in the city,the greenway is of great significance to improve the urban ecological environment,enhance the health and service capacity of the green space and improve the quality of life of the residents.The orderly and scientific planning of the greenway in coastal city will not only promote the scientific use of regional island resources,but also provide an important guarantee basis for the protection of regional resources.Fujian Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area relies on Pingtan Island to carry out the construction of"one island,two windows and three districts",and the human living environment has undergone significant changes,and proposed to build a complete and continuous greenway system.Therefore,how to better build a greenway suitable for the region,highlighting the recreational,cultural and ecological functions adapted to the region,is of great significance to promote the intensive and modern use of island resources.This study took Pingtan Island in Fujian Province as the research object,explored the connotation,principles and ideas of composite greenway network construction,and discussed the theoretical basis and realization technology of greenway collection construction in the study area from three perspectives of recreation space demand,cultural function integration and ecological environmental protection,in order to provide theoretical basis and technical reference for urban construction and planning in the research area.The main findings of the study are as follows:(1)The construction of greenway should be based on regional functional needs and suitable planning basis.In the construction of the composite greenway of Pingtan Island,the demand for recreation space should focus on spatial vitality and landscape perception,the integration of cultural functions should focus on cultural value and regional influence,and ecological environmental protection should start from ecological resource quality,ecological service capacity and ecological connectivity.(2)This study constructed the compound greenway of Pingtan Island,covering the whole region,forming the overall structure of"one ring,five horizontal and two vertical,multi-network"greenway network.The total length is 282.29km,the density is 1.00km/km~2,covering 36 nodes and 94paths.Among them,there are 9 nodes and 24 paths highlighting the demand for recreation space,3 nodes and 11 paths integrating cultural connotation,and 5 nodes and 13 paths strengthening ecological environmental protection.There are 19 nodes and 46 paths of multi-functional synergy coupling.(3)Identifying important recreation areas in terms of visitation heat,satisfaction,sea closeness and spatial vitality.The quantitative assessment of visitors’perceptions by using landscape visual quality evaluation and comfort evaluation was combined with land suitability to build a comprehensive evaluation system,which realized the planning of greenway subsystem with a single function of recreation space demand in the study area.Recreational greenway has been realized through the minimum cumulative resistance model,with a total length of 233.30km of recreation-type greenways,covering 31 recreation sites with rich recreation resources and high crowd heat value.(4)The regional culture of Pingtan Island is mainly based on site culture,maritime culture and religious culture.This study identified the cultural genes of Pingtan Island from the cultural spatial layout characteristics,regional architectural characteristics,historical environment characteristics and cultural customs.Combining the spatial information and connotation of cultural landscape,9 core areas of cultural landscape were extracted by using K-means clustering and particle swarm optimization algorithm.The cultural landscape information dissemination model and gravity model were used to realize the construction of 36cultural greenways on Pingtan Island,with the total length of 102.01km,cultural dissemination radius of 446.63m,corridor space of 89.16km~2,mainly distributed in central hinterland.(5)Ecological safety is an important prerequisite for the construction of island greenways.Based on the idea of"connectivity-importance-functionality",this study selected morphological spatial pattern,habitat quality,water conservation as ecological greenway construction indexes,and constructed 22 ecological greenways on Pingtan Island through the minimum cumulative resistance model.The paths are 165.79km long,including 12 important ecological construction nodes,mainly in nature reserves,scenic spots,urban parks and other areas.(6)The evaluation of network connectivity indicated that theα-index,β-index andγ-index of the constructed composite greenway network structure of Pingtan Island improved by 23.41%,48.01%and 30.64%on average compared with the single-function greenway,and the overall connectivity of the greenway was the best and the resource circulation efficiency was higher.The superimposed results showed that the constructed greenway met the current spatial demand and planning,and could meet 90.08%of the residential areas in Pingtan Island within fifteen minutes.The coupled coordination degree theory was used to construct the greenway function evaluation model to realize the greenway coordination classification,and 95.74%were in the basic coordination or above grade,and the function goal was well achieved,which can provide assistance for the future greenway planning and design of the region.(7)Composite greenway network planning and optimization is the spatial landing and functional support of the abstract structure of the greenway network.Combining with the hierarchical structure of greenway and landscape feature zoning,from the resource demand of core space,transition space and extension space of greenway,and following the spatial creation idea of"looking at the landscape,feeling the rhythm of culture,remembering nostalgia and preserving ecology",this study has set up mountain and sea viewing area and landscape view corridor,built multi-level greenway transportation system,featured space cultural empowerment,improved greenway along the plant community characteristics and with the optimization strategy to enhance the greenway space all kinds of resources synergy mechanism. |
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