Effects On Grain Yield And Quality Of Winter Wheat With Combined Application Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus

Wheat is an important crop food in China and the second largest crop food in Shanxi.The important targets for wheat breeding are both high quality and high yield.How to improve the yield and quality of wheat through cultivation measures is always an urgent problem.In this study,four winter wheat cultivars(strong gluten wheat V2,medium gluten wheat V1 and V3,and weak gluten wheat V4)were selected in the13 field experiments treatments in research for the effects of different rates and combined applications of N and P on yield and nutritional quality,in order to explore the effects of combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus on winter wheat yield and quality,and to find out the synergistic change regularity of grain protein and yield under the influence of fertilizers,the protein threshold of winter wheat and the optimum fertilization application of nitrogen and phosphorus.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate,the plant height,dry matter,ears,grain per spike,one thousand grain weight,gliadin content,gluten content,albumin content,globulin content,amino acid content,amylose content,wet gluten content,and sedimentation were increased,and the maximum were increased firstly and then decreased,showing a parabolic trend,and there were significant differences among some treatments.However,the content of amylopectin was decreased with the increase of nitrogen application,while its decrease degree was significant differences among some treatments.(2)With the increase of phosphorus application,the plant height,dry matter,ears,grain per spike,one thousand grain weight,sedimentation were increased or decreased,and gliadin content,gluten content,albumin content,globulin content,amino acid content were increased,and the amylose content and wet gluten content were decreased,and there were significant differences among some treatments..(3)With the certain phosphorus,the amount of nitrogen application has effects on plant height,dry matter,ears,grain per spike,one thousand grain weight,gliadin content,gluten content,albumin content,globulin content,amino acid content,amylose content,wet gluten content,and sedimentation,and there may be a nitrogen application threshold,and it varies with varieties..With the certain nitrogen,there may have the most ideal threshold interval of gliadin content,gluten content,albumin content,globulin content,and amino acid content.(4)The amount of nitrogen fertilizer application has a significant effect on winter wheat yield and protein content.Increasing N-application can significantly enhance both yield and protein content of winter wheat.What’s more,it also caused a synergistic increase in yield and protein content between the certain intervals;the yield and protein content increased firstly,and then decreased with the increased application of N fertilizer,which could be shown with a parabola.Phosphate fertilizer application has a significant impact on the yield and protein content of winter wheat.Increasing P fertilizer had significant effect on the yield of winter wheat,while it had no obvious influence on protein content.Meanwhile,N fertilizer had significant effect on both yield and protein content.Appropriate application of N can cause a synergistic increase in both protein content and yield,the most ideal threshold interval of protein in varieties corresponding to the optimum P application is 150-200 kg/hm2 and N application 180-255 kg/hm2.The research results can provide technical support for the high-yield and high-quality production of winter wheat in Shanxi Province.