A Study On The Grammar Of Henan Puyang Dialect

Puyang City is located in the northeast of Henan Province,at the junction of Hebei,Shandong and Henan provinces.It is in the transition zone of Zhongyuan Mandarin,Jin dialect and Ji Lu Mandarin.Puyang dialect belongs to Zhengkai Pian of Zhongyuan Mandarin,and its dialect system,especially its grammar system,has obvious characteristics of transition and mixture.For example,there are more “Ge(圪)”head words and division words(embedded “l”words),structural auxiliary“Le(的、地、得)”,physiognomy auxiliary“Le(了)”,modal particle “Le(哩)” the locative postposition word “Le(里)” and other virtual components of the initial consonants,vowels of the variation of the same phenomenon.All of them show the regional commonness of the transitional zone of Ji-Lu-Yu dialect.Based on the theories and methods of Chinese dialectology and Reference Grammar,this paper makes a comprehensive and detailed description of the word formation,part of speech and syntax of Puyang dialect,and carries on the special topic discussion to some valuable grammar questions.In addition to the conclusion,the full text consists of seven chapters.The first chapter introduces the geography,history,population,dialect of Puyang,current status of research methods and innovations of this paper,the source of language materials and survey description.The second chapter describes the phonological system of Puyang dialect,including the systems of initial consonants,vowels,tones and the phonological coordination,and also describes the alliteration and disyllabic tone Sandhi in Puyang dialect.found that the Puyang dialect has the characteristics of light but not light.The third to seventh chapters systematically describe the grammar of Puyang dialect from three aspects: morphology,parts of speech and syntax.The third chapter is the morphology of Puyang dialect.It introduces the word-formation mode and word-formation features of Puyang dialect.this paper focuses on the grammatical functions of the characteristic affix “Lao(老)-,Ge(圪)-,-Zi(子)and-Jia(家)”,and so on.It is found that the prefix “ Lao(老)-”and the suffix “-Zi(子)”in Puyang dialect are richer in usage and function than those in Mandarin and the surrounding dialects,and the suffix “Jia(家)”has distinct features,“Ge(圪)”head words and Sound-splitting words in the Puyang dialect are significantly less than those in the Jin dialect in both type and number.Chapter Four describes the part-of-speech system of Puyang dialect,including five categories: the nominals,predicates,modifiers,pronouns,function words.And found some features of Puyang dialect.The structural auxiliary“Le(的、地、得)”,physiognomy auxiliary“Le(了)”,modal particle “Le(哩)”and the locative postposition word “Le(里)”are all pronounced as “Le”.The adverbs of degree “Xie(血)”(as adverbial)and “Hen(很)”(as complement)are complementary,and together they are equivalent to “Hen(很)”in Mandarin.“Ge(搁)”of Puyang dialect is a multi-functional word with the functions of both a verb and a polysemous preposition,as a verb,it means to place meaning and to be in a certain place.As a preposition,it can introduce 9 kinds of places,starting points of places,starting points of time,paths,tools,etc.Chapter five to seven systematically describe the sentence patterns,sentence category,sentence syntactical and complex sentences of Puyang dialect,focusing on the interrogative sentences,"Jiao(叫)" sentences and comparative sentences of Puyang dialect.Puyang dialect interrogative sentence "VP +bu(不)/mou(冇)/o(哦)" equivalent to Mandarin "ma(吗)" question,its nature is Yes-no question.In puyang dialect,"bei(被)" can introduce both accepting and giving,which is equivalent to "ba(把)" and "bei(被)".There may be ambiguity without context.Puyang dialect has a variety of comparative sentence patterns,with many unique comparative sentence patterns.The conclusion summarizes and analyzes the research findings of the thesis,and points out the problems that need to be further studied and the direction for further efforts in Puyang dialect grammar.This paper holds that although Puyang dialect has the grammatical features of the mixture of Zhongyuan Mandarin and Jin dialect,it is dominated by Zhongyuan Mandarin,while the features of Jin dialect are in a state of shrinking.This paper is the first comprehensive description of Puyang dialect grammar system,which is of reference value for enriching the research results of Zhongyuan Mandarin grammar and deepening the relationship between Jin dialect and Zhongyuan Mandarin.