| Since the middle and late 20th century,the economic globalization and the rapid trend of scientific and technological progress,have made the industrial development and competition between various countries show many remarkable phenomena and characteristics compared with the past.The deep integration of science and technology makes the change of technology paradigm faster and more frequent,and innovation becomes the first driving force of development.At the same time,the global industrial division of labor has shifted from inter-industry and intra-industry to intra-product and process links,and production organized around the global value chain has become the world’s dominant mode of production.However,China’s industrial development is not only hampered by the high-end of developed countries,but also facing the low-end squeeze of emerging economies.This is highlighted by the obvious gap between the labor embedding degree and developed economies.At present,it has been a consensus that technical progress develops towards skilled labor,and skill-oriented technological progress is the basic driving force of innovation-oriented economy.Under the background of the disappearance of demographic dividend and the emergence of inverse Kuznets process in China,it is necessary to cultivate a large number of highly skilled workers to optimize the quality of labor stock.Human resource is the primary resource for economic and social development,and the essence of innovation-driven is talent-driven.The party and government clearly proposed to speed up the construction of a powerful manufacturing country,comprehensively carry out quality improvement actions,promote compliance with international advanced standards,carry forward the spirit of model workers and craftsmanship,and build an army of knowledge-based,skilled and innovative workers.This shows that in the process of moving from a big manufacturing country to a manufacturing power,we need not only technical workers,but also front-line highly skilled workers.In recent years,the saying that "researchers and entrepreneurs should also have the spirit of craftsmen" is very common,and the spirit of craftsmen has increasingly become a professional creed and conduct observed by practitioners in various industries.Then,as the spiritual driving force of the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry,what is the micro mechanism of the role of the craftsman spirit in the development of the industry? There are two questions to answer.One is how to define the specific connotation of craftsman spirit,how to analyze its economic attributes,and the other is how to analyze the micro-mechanism and path of craftsman spirit on technological innovation.Starting from these problems and taking them as the research content,this paper constructs the mechanism path analysis framework of the effect of craftsman spirit on technological innovation,and tests its actual role.Focusing on the above problems,this paper uses the perspective of economic analysis and integrates management,statistics and other disciplines,combining the theoretical analysis and empirical analysis to investigate the mechanism of craftsmanship spirit on technological innovation from the micro point of view.This is carried out from the following four levels,which also constitute the main content of this article.Firstly,this paper defines the economic connotation of craftsman spirit,which mainly adopts three steps: the first is to refine the connotation elements of craftsman spirit by reviewing and summarizing the track of craftsman training,and to establish a logical starting point for the analysis of craftsmanship spirit;the second is to sum up the life course of the craftsmanship spirit carrier laborers through the statistics of the micro database to further verify and refine the connotation elements of the craftsman spirit.The third is to establish the human capital equation to model the spiritual connotation elements of craftsmanship.Secondly,this paper deduces the mechanism of the effect of craftsmanship spirit on technological innovation.It is mainly divided into two aspects: first,from the macro,meso and micro perspectives of the action mechanism,that is,the matching of macro innovation elements,the stage of meso technological evolution and the process of micro product value increment,to investigate the role of various elements of craftsman spirit in technological innovation.The second is to construct the technological innovation model with the increase of product types,and internalize the process of human capital accumulation,by solving the equilibrium growth rate of intermediate products under the optimal behavior choice of each economic subject in the balanced growth path,this paper expounds the influence path and direction of the connotation elements of craftsman spirit on technological innovation.Thirdly,this paper makes an empirical test on the theoretical analysis hypothesis.It is also considered to be divided into two steps: one is to use econometric analysis technology to construct and calculate the craftsmanship spirit index based on the collected enterprise micro-level characteristic data and innovation data.Furthermore,negative binomial regression is used to test the correlation between craftsmanship spirit and technological innovation,and expounds the "joint effect" of craftsman essence elements on technological innovation.Second,using the method of fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis,this paper examines the action path of different combination states of craftsmanship spirit connotation elements on technological innovation from the perspective of configuration,and expounds the "interactive effect" of various connotation elements of craftsman spirit on technological innovation,and further verifies the theoretical hypothesis and empirical analysis.Fourthly,based on the above logical thinking and discussion process of "problem-hypothesis-theoretical analysis-empirical analysis",this paper puts forward the research conclusion.The conclusions of this paper are as follows.1.Carrying forward the spirit of craftsmanship is consistent with vigorously improving the accumulation of human capital,and they complement each other.The craftsmanship spirit has profound economic connotation,and the theoretical logic of its analysis can be grasped from the process of craftsman training.This also constitutes the "five elements" of the craftsmanship spirit: the contractual nature of the introductory worship ceremony tests the apprentice’s "will",the sunken investment brought about by the time limit of the apprentice,and the "French training" model exercises the apprentice’s "professionalism".The " Carving Names on Utensils system" and personified transactions imprinted the apprentice’s "integrity",on-the-spot situations and individual teaching forms opened up the apprentice’s "innovative" consciousness and ability.In addition,the analysis of the life process of workers in this paper shows that the complete education process and training experience play an important role in the development and improvement of workers’ skills,and provide statistical support for verifying the rationality of the apprenticeship training process.2.Technological innovation needs to be arranged in informal institutions.Craftsmanship spirit acts on the technological innovation process of enterprises through the matching of various innovation elements,the promotion of technological evolution path and technological paradigm change,and the value added to the whole value chain of product innovation production.3.According to whether the connotation elements of craftsmanship spirit are regarded as a whole,this paper distinguishes the external and internal functions of craftsmanship spirit in promoting technological innovation.In the external path,craftsmanship spirit plays a role through the intermediary effect of absorptive capacity other than the five elements,which is positively regulated by enterprise training,that is,there is a regulated intermediary effect process.In the internal path,there is an "interactive effect" among the five connotative elements of the craftsmanship spirit system,that is,the interaction between the five elements of the craftsmanship spirit has a certain complementary and substitution effect,which affects technological innovation based on different configuration paths.4.This paper examines the influence of craftsmanship spirit on technological innovation,and the heterogeneity according to the type of technology and the nature of the enterprise.This shows that the craftsmanship spirit has two forms of existence: dominant and recessive,and plays a role in the process of enterprise technological innovation in different ways.In the process of taking the new road of industrialization and building an innovative country,it is necessary to train a large number of builders with modern advanced industrial culture connotation and literacy.In this paper,according to the path of craftsmanship spirit to promote technological innovation,that is,from the point of view of carrying forward craftsmanship spirit,strengthening the regulatory function of training,optimizing the intermediary effect of absorptive capacity,and making use of the heterogeneity of technological innovation path,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions,such as unblocking the mechanism of the effect of craftsman spirit on technological innovation,optimizing the micro path of technological innovation and so on.The innovation of this paper lies in:1.This paper constructs the inductive framework of the connotation dimension of craftsmanship spirit and the analytical framework of the effect of craftsmanship spirit on technological innovation,which enriches the analytical paradigm of the research on the relationship between cultural phenomena and corporate performance.First of all,for the study of the connotation of craftsman spirit,this paper refines the five dimensions of craftsman spirit through the historical dimension,among which the dimensions of "will" and "integrity" are not involved in the current literature.On this basis,this paper further uses statistical means and economic paradigm to carry out the theoretical abstraction and empirical verification of the connotation of craftsmanship spirit,which provides the logical basis for the analysis of the connotation of craftsman’s spirit.Secondly,as for the analytical framework of the effect of craftsmanship spirit on technological innovation,in addition to verifying the relationship between them as a whole,this paper is based on the stage of technological innovation and the multi-dimensional characteristics of craftsman spirit,respectively,from the perspective of intermediary and configuration,this paper discusses the influence mechanism of craftsmanship spirit on technological innovation from two aspects of external path and internal path.It deepens the understanding of the role of craftsman spirit in technological innovation.2.From the training of master-apprentice system in ancient China,this paper refines the connotation of craftsmanship spirit which accords with the principles of modern economics and the law of modern technological progress,which is different from the professional training practices of Germany and Japan.It provides new materials for enriching China’s unique craftsman culture,and verifies that it has a significant effect of promoting innovation.This is conducive to the establishment of Chinese discourse system in the training of craftsman and helps enterprises to break through the key core technologies.3.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the direct and dominant effect of craftsmanship spirit on high-tech enterprises is less than that of enterprises with general technical characteristics.The reason may be that the production process of high-tech enterprises mainly depends on the automated production system and strict operating standards,and the direct manual intervention is in the background and invisible.The five elements of craftsmanship spirit have been internalized into the "production system" and "operating standards".For example,the "will" dimension,which takes the quantity of human resources as the main measure index,is not fully reflected in high-tech enterprises.In enterprises with general technical characteristics,manual work directly acts on the operation foreground,the dominant process is mostly dominant and important,and the factors such as willingness,focus,professionalism and integrity have an impact on the quality of the production process,product accuracy and so on.More direct and dominant.Therefore,this paper holds that craftsman spirit acts on technological innovation in two different ways: recessive and dominant.The research on craftsmanship spirit and technological innovation in this paper enriches the discussion of influencing factors in current technological innovation research.And this thesis analyzes and investigates the effects of craftsmanship spirit from an economic perspective.Limited by data analysis and data collection,there are deficiencies in the explanation of the mechanism and the measurement of indicators.This will be the next step of the promotion space and the direction of research improvement. |
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