Studies Of Expanding The Red Army In Central Soviet Area(1930-1934)

The failure of the Great Revolution made the CPC begin to realize the importance of guns.After the Autumn Harvest Uprising,the CPC,represented by Mao Zedong,explored a revolutionary road of "surrounding the city from the countryside.From 1930 to 1934,the Central Soviet Area experienced four stages:initial formation,formal establishment,peak development and final loss.During this period,the CPC and the Kuomintang have experienced five times of wars.War is a direct contest of military force,the strength of the armed forces is related to the existence and development of the red regime.There were both internal and external reasons for the expansion of the Central Soviet area.Internal drive is the need to seize power,while external drive is the need to counter "encirclement and suppression".There were two basic ways for the CPC to expand the Red Army:clarified the source,which solved the problem of whom to expand the Red Army;Defined the criteria,which solved the problem of who can join the army.The sources of expanding the army include from the army of the masses,from the local Red Army,and from the soldiers of Kuomintang.Among them,the masses armed with the Red Guards and the Young Pioneers are the most sources.The criteria for expanding the army involved age,gender,political composition,and physique,reflecting the unity of politics and science.Stressing politics was the characteristic of the Red Army,and it’s also a political feature that distinguishes the Red Army from all old-style army.The process of expanding the Red Army was full of ups and downs.In the first half of 1930,under Li Li san’s rule,the Central Committee of the CPC put forward the slogan "Strongly Expand the Red Army",and demanded that all local armed forces be integrated into the Red Army.After October 1930,under the guidance of against" Li San line",the Central Committee of the CPC timely put forward the slogan"Expand and Consolidate",seeking a combination of quantity and quality.Since the spring of 1932,the Central Soviet Area has launched three time of "Expanding the Red Army Campaigns".For the first campaign,the Central Committee of the CPC proposed to make expansion "first on the work schedule",and the Central Soviet Area immediately carried out four relay races relay.For the second campaign,the Central Committee of the C P C proposed to "create a Red Army with one million",the Central Soviet Area once again concentrated local armed forces.The third campaign took place during the fifth war between two parties,under the general requirement of "all for war",the Central Soviet Area launched five times of assault campaigns.The movement of expanding the Red Army was closely related to the revolutionary situation,which fully demonstrated the arduousness and complexity of the revolution.How did the CPC mobilize the masses to join the Red Army?During the period of the Central Soviet Area,the CPC Try to strengthen the communication between the party,government,military and civilians,and the division of labor between various systems could gather masses.Politically,the organization played the leading role.The government and military is a political organization in which the party leads the government and the army.Mass organizations are non-governmental organizations which are also under the leadership of the party.Vertically and horizontally,the CPC has set up a mobilization organization to try its best to include every member of the society into a certain management system.Economically,the interests of joining the army are guaranteed.Everything people pursue is related to their actual interests.Protecting the legitimate interests of the masses is a manifestation of respecting human nature and caring about people’s livelihood.During the period of the Central Soviet Area,the CPC implemented a policy of preferential treatment to the Red Army and their families,covering food,clothing,housing,transportation,birth,old age,sickness and death.Among them,the Preferential treatment in land and labor met the demand of the local Red Army and Non local Red Army,and solved the problem of who should cultivate the land.The Preferential treatment of taxation and life has reduced the burden on the lives of the Red Army and their families,and solved all the difficulties of their lives.Culturally,strengthen publicity and agitation.The CPC has fully utilized its advantages.The propaganda methods emphasized diversification and popularization,the propaganda activities were rich and creative,and the propaganda content focused on identification and practicality.The expanding of Red Army of the Central Soviet Area is lively,and difficulties have accompanied.Outside the party,the backward traditional concepts constrained the revolutionary enthusiasm of the masses,and there have been a large number of people fled.Within the party,bureaucracy,fear of becoming a Red Army,and chaos in organizational relationships have also weakened the effectiveness of the expansion.In other respects,problems such as localism and the unsustainable of expanding Red Army were also quite prominent.In the face of these difficulties,the CPC did not choose to escape and cover up.but tried to find solutions.By clarifying the relationship of party,government,military,civilian,opposing bureaucracy that separated from the masses,establishing a model of expanding of Red Army and launching a movement to return to the team,the CPC continuously improved the party’s leadership and strengthen the ability to unite the masses.The effectiveness of the expanding of Red Army in the Central Soviet Area can be analyzed from three perspectives:First,the rapid increase in the number of the Red Army has provided a supplement to the war.A number of military talents have also been reserved The second was that it has won the support of the masses,and many touching stories were the best proof.The third was to enrich the party’s military mobilization theory.the experience of expanding the Red Army in the Central Soviet area has been inherited and developed in the future.Throughout the entire history of the expanding of Red Army,three distinctive features were shown:First,the distribution of numbers is regionally characterized.Jiangxi Province is more than Fujian Province,and the central area is more than the marginal area.The second is that the expanding movement of the Red Anny was closely integrated with the land investigation,suppression of counter-revolutionaries,and spring farming.The third was to make full use of geographical and kinship factors to achieve "localized"leadership.The expansion of the Central Soviet area showed the CPC’s strong political leadership,ideological leadership,mass organization and social appeal.studying this subject has important practical enlightenment for strengthening the party’s "four forces" in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.