| What kind of economic theory is used to guide the socialist economic construction with Chinese characteristics is a key issue that directly affects the development of the socialist road with Chinese characteristics.When Xi Jinping presided over the 28th collective learning of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee,he first mentioned "Developing Contemporary Chinese Marxist Political Economics" and made a contemporary footnote for this key topic.How to Develop Contemporary Chinese Marxist Political Economics? The starting point of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economics is naturally an unavoidable issue.On the one hand,it is because everything has a starting point,and the starting point is naturally avoided as a starting point for science.On the other hand,it is based on the logic of "persistence and development" of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy.The starting point problem can not be avoided as a methodological problem.In the research method,the process of examining the starting point of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy from the perspective of historical materialism can also be said to examine the process of historical materialism from a starting point.In this sense,the starting point of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy is the starting point of Marxist political economy.Therefore,the main point of this paper is to examine the question of "what is",but to clarify the question of "why".Explaining the starting point of contemporary Marxist political economy,we must clarify what is the starting point of Marxist political economics.Regrettably,with regard to the starting point of Marxist political economics,there are many discussions in the academic community,but there are also many differences.The article points out that an important reason for this disagreement is that there is ambiguity in the definition of the starting point.The departure point also has a starting point,but what does the starting point mean? Even in Marx’s many arguments,the starting point includes at least logical starting points,starting points for analysis,starting points for research,narrative starting points,and historical starting points.However,the above starting point is not the starting point for the article to discuss.The starting point from the perspective of historical materialism is the starting point with full methodological significance.However,what is the starting point with full methodological significance? As Marx put it,"The historical process of all sciences must go through many detours before reaching their true starting point." Similarly,Marxist political economics experienced many detours before reaching its true starting point.Therefore,when we examine the starting point of Marxist political economics,on the one hand we cannot ignore the “many detours before reaching the true starting point”.On the other hand,we cannot focus our efforts on "many detours." Our criteria for judging and rejecting are when we stand on the "real starting point" to review the path that he has experienced in the past,and on this path is an important path for us to achieve "a true starting point." In fact,this road is the path of historical materialism,and the significance of the standard is the methodological significance of historical materialism.Specifically,the point of departure stated in the article,that is,the point of departure with full methodological significance is the logical starting point,value starting point,and research starting point.The logical starting point is the starting point of the thinking method.It is Marx’s suggestion that “this view of history alone provides a starting point for the logic method” and thus is also the starting point of historical materialism.Needless to say,Marx was not a historical materialist until he discovered historical materialism.How Marx changed from humanism to historical materialism constitutes the thread of thought that explains the logical starting point of an article.The issue of "human liberation" is the subject of Marx’s early research and even his lifelong research.In the exploration of the root causes of the development of human reality,Marx experienced a logical questioning from political alienation-economic alienation-labor alienation-relationship alienation,,and after a short period of time falling into a dead end from the “humanism” to the “alienation” logic.Aristotle’s “questioning” asks “If my life is not my own creation,then my life must have such a source outside of me...The existence of nature and human beings through their own It is incomprehensible to the people’s consciousness because this existence is an ontological view that contradicts all the obvious facts of real life."Marx gave up the previous abstractions and then gave up the previous problems.Therefore,the logic of "humanism" to "dissimilation" ceased,and new historical views and starting points were also discovered.This view of history lies in: "From the material production of direct living,we should examine the actual production process,and interpret the forms of association that it generates with it,that is,the civil society at various stages,as the basis of the entire history." Looking back at the historical materialism path Marx experienced,in a sense,is the path of Marx’s constant pursuit of the "real starting point," and also the birth path of the starting point of Marxist political economics.Therefore,the logical starting point of historical materialism,starting from material production,is the logical starting point of Marxist political economics,and it is also the logical starting point of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economics.Value starting point is the starting point of a kind of value standpoint.The value starting point of Marxist political economy is the people-centered starting point,which must be the starting point of Marxism political economy in contemporary China.The article points out: "even the ’most fundamental starting point,on the way also is not cannot ask",the starting point to discuss the value of the contemporary Chinese Marxist political economics,in essence is not the problem of "learning",but "know how" problem.Therefore,this paper discusses the value of the starting point,to explain the question: the starting point of Marxist political economics to the people as the center,it is not only a question of value or a logical problem;it is not only a specification or an empirical issue.To this,the article puts forward four levels:(1)Based on the "starting point" and "human nature" of the "economic man hypothesis" of western economics,the methodology background that must exist behind the starting point is revealed.Humanism and positivism are the dual methodology background of "economic man hypothesis".(2)so as to the relationship between Marxism and humanitarian big discussion,revealed in historical materialism and humanitarian compare,history and values behind the dichotomy may ignore the "relationship between" problem,but about "Marxist view of history does not include the value and humanitarian history contains the value" of the proposition,only looking at the premise of logic starting point is correct.It opens a perspective on the value starting point of the logical dimension(causal chain).(3)so as to the scientific discussion of the neutral theory,scientific value to reveal the historical materialism and positivism about in terms of ontology,fact and value "of different attitude,suggesting that the essential difference between linear causality and dialectical causality,and the corresponding two empirical logic.(4)Explain the "value" and "logic" of historical materialism from the dialectical causal logic,and explain when and how consciousness reacts to the existence.The starting point of the value of "people-centered" is the practical logic that is understood from the practical aspect and reflected by it.Starting from the facts is the starting point of the study of Marxist political economy as defined in this paper.However,Marxist political economics insists on facts,and Western economics also insists on starting from facts-but with the fact that they are "starting points",they do not represent "the same fact." Marxist political economy’s understanding of the facts has a profound insight different from that of Western economics.The fact of Marxist political economy is different from the imaginary fact of idealism,and it is different from the intuitionistic fact of empiricism and different from the reasoning of new positivism.The economic fact that Marxist political economy knows is a “Historical process ".The fact of the ontology is the product of thinking and processing the intuition and representation,that is,it needs to master a certain way of thinking to understand.The thinking method of Marxist political economy is a dialectical thinking method and a scientific abstract method.Just like the development of physics,classical mechanics must be surpassed by general relativity.The development of thinking science,intuitive thinking must also is surpassed by the abstract thinking of science.The ontological facts that people have understood through thinking,that is,the starting point of the study of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy: the social existence that is known from the material production practice is always the starting point for further research.The article carrying the above logic in the article is an academic case about the centuries-old debate on Marx’s labor theory of value.In the narrative method,answer the following three questions,namely,the article analyzes the starting point of Marxist political economics research: First,Marx’s labor theory of value is a historical materialism.Second,what is the fact of a historical materialism? Third,how to recognize the facts of historical materialism.Engels said: "If a nation wants to stand at the highest peak of science,it cannot be without theoretical thinking for a moment." The starting point is not a normative problem,but a methodological problem.Based on a historical materialism perspective,the article analyzes the logical starting point,value starting point and research starting point of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy.In fact,this is also the way of thinking of Marxist political economics from the perspective of three starting points.It is worth mentioning that for any Marxist,mastering the scientific way of thinking is not only to explain the world,but also to change the world in practice.In the sense of a theoretical practice,the article focuses on two issues of contemporary practice:(1)how to develop contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy?(2)why should we adhere to the "four self-confidences" of socialism with Chinese characteristics?The article point out:Scientifically adhere to the starting point of Marxist political economy and apply the thinking method of Marxist political economy.It is a guide to the development of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy.It is conducive to the profound construction of the theoretical self-confidence of Marxist political economy.It helps to scientifically examine Western theories,discourses,and methods,and is conducive to properly handling the contradictions between basic research and decision-making research.The article point out:Scientifically adhere to the starting point of Marxist political economy and apply the thinking method of Marxist political economy.It is the theoretical foundation for the Chinese Communist Party to adhere to the "four self-confidences" of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The logic of "four self-confidences" is a practical(and empirical)logic: contemporary China is in the historical era of profound social change.In this era,the conflict between the socialist road and the capitalist road still exists.In this era,the people realized the conflict and tried to overcome the political,theoretical and cultural forms of this conflict through practice,and showed the main and decisive role.Therefore,insisting on "not forgetting the initial heart and moving on",defending and strengthening the ideological position of the proletariat,and consolidating and developing the economic foundation of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and then overcoming the problem of insufficient imbalance in the development of contemporary China,has the main the role of the decision.This is the internal logic of the "four self-confidences" of socialism with Chinese characteristics.It is also the internal logic of the Chinese Communist Party’s emphasis on "four self-confidences" and is the confidence of the Chinese Communists. |
