Research On The Lmpact Of Trade Facilitation On High-Quality Development Of Export Firms

The Guiding Opinions on Promoting the High—quality Development of Trade issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council in 2019 pointed out that Promoting the high-quality development of trade is an important decision-making arrangement made by the Party Central Committee in the face of profound changes in the international and domestic situation,an inevitable requirement for striving to promote the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,and it is related to the overall situation of economic and social development.As the main body of trade,how to make export enterprises move towards the goal of high-quality development has become the key to whether China can achieve high-quality development of trade.For a long time,higher trade costs have been an important factor hindering export enterprises from moving towards high-quality development goals.With the continuous decline of global tariff level,global trade liberalization has reached a high level,and the marginal benefits of further promoting trade liberalization to reduce trade costs of export enterprises and promote high-quality development of export enterprises are quite limited.Infrastructure,institutional environment,port efficiency,marketization and other trade facilitation factors have become important factors to reduce the trade cost of export enterprises.Studies have shown that improving trade facilitation plays a vital role in promoting economic growth,reducing trade costs,increasing export trade volume of enterprises and improving the level of social welfare.On this basis,further exploring the impact of trade facilitation on the high-quality development of export enterprises has important theoretical and practical significance for enhancing the competitiveness of export enterprises and promoting the highquality development of trade.This thesis reviews the research literature on trade facilitation,high-quality export development and high-quality development of export enterprises at home and abroad,it is found that the research on trade facilitation and high-quality development has been quite rich,and scholars have measured the system,influencing factors,evaluation methods and existing problems of trade facilitation and high-quality export development.It also puts forward detailed suggestions on how to promote the development of trade facilitation and achieve high-quality export development.However,the current research on trade facilitation in different countries and different regions of the same country lacks relevant temporal and spatial evolution analysis.The research on high-quality development mainly focuses on high-quality economic development,while the research on high-quality development of export enterprises is less,especially the research on the impact of trade facilitation on high-quality development of export enterprises.Based on this,according to the connotation of high-quality development of export enterprises,and considering such factors as internal self-development of enterprises and external environmental responsibility of enterprises,the impact of trade facilitation on highquality development of export enterprises is focused on total factor productivity,innovation ability and green development of export enterprise.In accordance with the theoretical basis and analysis framework,the status quo description,empirical test of this issue in the order of a detailed analysis.The theoretical basis and analytical framework-the status quo description-the order of empirical testing of this issue a detailed analysis.In the part of theoretical basis and analytical framework,this thesis analyzes the endogenous growth theory,the new new trade theory and the new economic geography theory and the improved Tomahawk diagram,as well as the application of these theories in highquality development,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the study of high-quality development of export enterprises and the spatial spillover effect of trade facilitation on highquality development of export enterprises.On this basis,based on the endogenous growth model at the micro level and the extended M-O model,the internal mechanism of total factor productivity,innovation ability and green development level of enterprises to promote highquality development of export enterprises is analyzed in detail.This thesis explores the impact of trade facilitation on the high-quality development of export enterprises from three dimensions of total factor productivity,innovation ability and green development of export enterprises.In the part of current situation description,based on the entropy method to measure the comprehensive index of trade facilitation and its sub-indicators,the development trend,spatial distribution characteristics and spatial autocorrelation of trade facilitation and its subindicators are analyzed in detail.In the part of empirical test,this thesis makes a detailed theoretical analysis on the mechanism of trade facilitation affecting the total factor productivity,innovation capability and green development of export enterprises,and puts forward the corresponding research hypothesis.On this basis,the matching data between China’s industrial enterprise database and customs database from 2000 to 2014,the matching data between China’s industrial enterprise database,customs database and enterprise patent database from2000 to 2014,and the matching data between Chinese industrial enterprise database,customs database and enterprise pollution database from 2000 to 2010 were used to test the relevant hypotheses.Empirical test,and the corresponding robustness,heterogeneity and endogenous test.Combined with theoretical,current situation and empirical analysis,we can get the following conclusions.(1)Development trend,spatial distribution characteristics and spatial autocorrelation of trade facilitationFirst,the average development level of trade facilitation shows an increasing trend year by year,but the growth rate of trade facilitation in different years is quite different.In the subindicators of trade facilitation,the average development level of transportation infrastructure,institutional environment,e-commerce and digital application,marketization degree and financial environment shows a fluctuating upward trend as a whole,and has been significantly improved,but there are some differences in the growth rate and growth rate in different years.Second,China’s trade facilitation and its sub-indicators(except port efficiency)have certain spatial distribution characteristics.The development level of trade facilitation and trade facilitation sub-indicators(except port efficiency)in eastern coastal provinces,provinces south of Qinling-Huaihe River and provinces east of Hu Huanyong Line is significantly higher than that in non-coastal provinces,provinces north of Qinling-Huaihe River and provinces west of Hu Huanyong Line.Third,there is spatial agglomeration effect in trade facilitation and its subindicators in all provinces of China,and the spatial agglomeration effect is constantly strengthening.On the whole,the development of trade facilitation and trade facilitation subindicators in the eastern provinces has a significant high-high agglomeration characteristic,while the development of trade facilitation and trade facilitation sub-indicators in the western provinces has a significant low-low agglomeration characteristic.(2)The impact of trade facilitation on the total factor productivity of export enterprisesFirst,trade facilitation has a positive role in promoting the total factor productivity of export enterprises.Each sub-index of trade facilitation also has a positive effect on the improvement of total factor productivity of export enterprises,but there are some differences in the role of different sub-indexes.Second,the impact of trade facilitation on the total factor productivity of export enterprises with different factor intensities,different geographical locations and different trade modes is significantly different.Specifically,the positive effect of trade facilitation on total factor productivity of capital-intensive export enterprises is significantly greater than that of labor-intensive export enterprises,and the positive effect of trade facilitation on total factor productivity of export enterprises in western provinces is significantly greater than that in eastern and central provinces.The impact of trade facilitation on total factor productivity of processing trade export enterprises is significantly greater than that of mixed trade export enterprises and general trade export enterprise.Third,trade facilitation has a positive effect on the total factor productivity of export enterprises mainly through cost reduction effect and competition effect.Fourth,there is a spatial spillover effect of trade facilitation on the total factor productivity of export enterprises at the provincial level.In the sub-indicators of trade facilitation,there are spatial spillover effects of transportation infrastructure,port efficiency,e-commerce and digital use,marketization and financial environment on the total factor productivity of export enterprises at the provincial level.However,there are some differences in the spatial spillover effects of different indicators on the development of total factor productivity of export enterprises at the provincial level.(3)The impact of trade facilitation on the innovation capability of export enterprisesFirst,trade facilitation has a positive effect on the improvement of innovation capability of export enterprises,and each sub-index of trade facilitation also has a positive effect on the improvement of innovation capability of export enterprises,but the effect of different subindexes is different.Second,the impact of trade facilitation on the innovation capability of export enterprises with different factor intensities,different geographical locations and different trade modes is significantly different.Specifically,the positive effect of trade facilitation on the innovation capability of capital-intensive export enterprises is significantly greater than that of labor-intensive export enterprises,and the positive effect of trade facilitation on the innovation capability of export enterprises in western provinces is significantly greater than that in eastern and central provinces.The impact of trade facilitation on the innovation capability of processing trade export enterprises is significantly greater than that of mixed trade export enterprises and general trade export enterprise.Third,trade facilitation has a positive effect on the innovation capability of export enterprises mainly by reducing the cost of enterprises,increasing R&D investment and expanding the scale of overseas markets.Fourth,there is a spatial spillover effect of trade facilitation on the innovation capability of export enterprises at provincial level.In the sub-indicators of trade facilitation,the transport infrastructure,port efficiency,ecommerce and digital use,the degree of marketization and financial environment have spatial spillover effects on the innovation capability of export enterprises at the provincial level,but there are some differences in the role of different indicators on the spatial spillover effects of innovation capability of export enterprises at the provincial level.(4)The impact of trade facilitation on the green development of export enterprisesFirst,trade facilitation plays a positive role in promoting the green development of export enterprises.In addition to the port efficiency,the sub-indicators of trade facilitation have a positive role in promoting the green development of export enterprises,but the role of different sub-indicators is different.Second,industrial agglomeration is conducive to reducing energy consumption of enterprises,thus having a positive regulatory effect on trade facilitation and promoting green development of export enterprises.Third,the impact of trade facilitation on the green development of export enterprises with different factor intensities,different geographical locations and different trade modes is significantly different.Specifically,the positive role of trade facilitation in promoting the green development of capital-intensive export enterprises is significantly greater than that of labor-intensive export enterprises,and the positive role of trade facilitation in promoting the green development of export enterprises in western provinces is significantly greater than that in eastern and central provinces.The impact of trade facilitation on the green development of processing trade export enterprises is significantly greater than that of mixed trade export enterprises and general trade export enterprise.Fourthly,trade facilitation plays a positive role in promoting the green development of export enterprises mainly by improving the level of technological innovation,improving the energy utilization structure of export enterprises and reducing the cost of export enterprises.Fifth,the impact of trade facilitation on the green development of export enterprises at the provincial level has spatial spillover effect.Among the sub-indicators of trade facilitation,there are spatial spillover effects of transportation infrastructure,e-commerce and digital use,marketization degree and financial environment on the green development of export enterprises at the provincial level,but there are some differences in the spatial spillover effects of different indicators on the green development of export enterprises at the provincial level.