| In the current global economy and society,the problems of resource shortage and environmental pollution are becoming increasingly prominent.Governments and enterprises in many countries have started the recycling of waste products.In 2020,China put forward the macro goals of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality”.The operation and management of closed-loop supply chain(CLSC),as a promising handle method,which includes the establishment of reverse recycling channels and remanufacturing of waste products,can not only bring certain economic benefits to enterprises,but also improve environmental benefits and reduce carbon emissions.“Made in China 2025” proposes to carry out intelligent manufacturing in ten fields,optimizing the CLSC production and operation management is a significant method to realize intelligent manufacturing.Whereas,behavioral and decision sciences indicatethat the decision-makers in the modern commercial supply chain are all bounded rational,and the members in the chain often show certain behavioral tendencies,and most of them have behavioral preferences like risk aversion and fairness concerns.In addition,the original equipment manufacturer(OEM)often encounter the problem of limited capital flow in the actual production process when carrying out remanufacturing and closed-loop operations,which forced them to raise financing to maintain the sustainable and steady operation of the remanufacturing CLSC.Therefore,it’s with much more scientific research value and practical significance to focus on the integrated optimization on the production decisions and financing strategy on the remanufacturing CLSC under behavior preference.This paper will comprehensively apply CLSC management theory,behavioral operations research theory,game theory,envelope theorem,convex optimization and other scientific methods to focus on risk aversion,fairness concern and dual behavioral preferences on the remanufacturing CLSC decision-making models.Moreover,taking the OEM adopts debt financing and OEM adopts advance payment financing into consideration on solving the optimal production decision-makings of the remanufacturing CLSC.Furthermore,it focuses on the impact of consumer preference factor,risk aversion factor,and fairness concern factor on product yields,recovery rate,members’ profits,and carbon emissions.The specific research contents of this doctoral dissertation are as follows:First of all,for the authorized remanufacturing closed-loop operation system composed of a capital-constrained OEMand one remanufacturer(RM)without behavioral preferences,the optimal production in the CLSC system under these four cases,namely,the OEM has sufficient capital,the OEM’s funds are limited without financing,the OEM adopts debt financing,and the OEM adopts advance payment financing are studied.By comparing the equilibrium solutions under the two financing methods,it is found that only when the OEM’s funds are too scarce,the advanced payment financing ratio is relatively high,the OEM tends to adapt debt financing to maintain their own sustainable production.When considering financing,as consumers’ acceptance of remanufactured products increases,OEM will increase the license fees to maintain their own profits in order to cope with the excessive market share of remanufactured products;and RM will increase their own profits because the increase in profit from selling remanufactured products is greater than the cost of recycling and producing remanufactured products.Secondly,aiming to the optimal production decision on an authorized remanufacturing CLSC composed of a single capital-constrained OEM and one risk averse follower’s remanufacturer,we focused on the research of optimal production decisions in these four scenarios like the OEM is with sufficient funds,the OEM’s funds are limited without financing,the OEM has limited funds with debt financing,and the OEM’s funds are limited with advance payment financing as well.The equilibrium solutions on the Stackelberg game model in these four scenarios are solved by backward induction,and the optimal solutions under the two financing scenarios are compared and analyzed,and it is found that when RM is risk averse,the output of new products in debt financing is lower than that of advance payment financing,the output of remanufactured products is higher than that of advance payment financing,which makes the recovery rate in debt financing higher.The monotonicity of the risk aversion on the output and recovery rate for the two products under the two financing situations is identical.When considering financing,only when RM’s risk averse factor is lower than a certain threshold,the OEM’s initial capital is limited and the advance payment financing ratio is lower than a certain threshold,the OEM will adopt advance payment financing;and with the increase of the risk aversion factor,the total carbon emissions will increase,while the debt financing leaves less ecological impacts.Thirdly,aiming to the optimal production decision on an authorized remanufacturing CLSC composed of a single capital-constrained OEM and a single-fairness concerned follower’s remanufacturer,we focused on the research of optimal production decisions in these four scenarios like the OEM is with sufficient funds,the OEM’s funds are limited without financing,the OEM has limited funds with debt financing,and the OEM’s funds are limited with advance payment financing as well.The equilibrium solutions of the Stackelberg game model in these four scenarios are solved by backward induction,and the optimal solutions under the two financing scenarios are compared and analyzed,and it is found that when RM is fairness concern,with financing,the output of remanufactured products in debt financing is higher than that of advance payment financing,while the output of new products is higher than that of advance payment financing,which causes a higher recovery rate in debt financing.In a conclusion,fairness concerns have a lower marginal efficiency on the output of new products and a higher marginal efficiency on the output of remanufactured goods in debt financing than in the advance payment financing case.When considering financing,only when the RM’s fairness concern factor is greater than a certain threshold,the OEM’s initial capital is limited and the advance payment financing ratio is lower than a certain threshold,the OEM will adopt advance payment financing;and as the fairness concern factor increases,the total carbon emissions will increase,while debt financing is more environmentally friendly.Last but not least,aiming to the optimal production decision on a remanufacturing CLSC composed of a single OEM with limited funds and a follower RM with a dual behavior preference(contains risk aversion and fairness concern),we focused on the research of optimal production decisions in these four scenarios like the OEM is with sufficient funds,the OEM’s funds are limited without financing,the OEM has limited funds with debt financing,and the OEM’s funds are limited with advance payment financing as well.The equilibrium solutions of the Stackelberg game model in these four scenarios are solved by backward induction,and the optimal solutions under the two financing scenarios are compared and analyzed,and it is found that when RM is dual behavioral preference,the output of new products in debt financing is higher than that in advance payment financing,while the output of remanufactured products in advance payment financing is lower than that of debt financing,causing a higher recovery rate in debt financing than that of advance payment financing.Compared with the advance payment financing situation,the marginal efficiency of the output of the two products under the influence of risk aversion is the same with the debt financing situation,while the marginal efficiency of the output of the new product under the influence of fairness concern is lower,and the marginal efficiency of the remanufactured products is higher.The OEM will implement advance payment financing only when RM’s risk averse factor is greater than a certain threshold,the OEM’s initial capital is limited and the acceptable advance payment financing ratio is lower than a certain threshold;when financing is considered,the environmental impact is less in the debt financing,and both increase with the risk aversion,while the environmental impact both decrease with the fairness concern.The innovations of this doctoral dissertation are mainly reflected in the following three aspects:1.Most of the research on closed-loop operation management and remanufacturing production decision is based on the premise that the CLSC members are absolutely rational.In this paper,given that remanufacturer is bounded rationality,they will be affected by the uncertain remanufacturing cost.The fluctuations in the remanufacturing cost leads to risk aversion behavior preference,and fairness concern behavior preference originates from the comparison with the profits of the other CLSC members,and dual behavior preference on the research of remanufacturing production decisions.The application of behavioral operations research in remanufacturing operations management enriches the research content of the cross direction on the remanufacturing operation management field and behavioral operations research field,and obtains some inferences and management inspirations that are more in line with the real situation.2.Focusing on the supply chain finance field,in the light of the fact that most of the existing supply chain finance research focuses on the traditional forward supply chain,and rarely considers the financing strategy in the research field of remanufacturing CLSC decisions.This paper conducts an in-depth study on the impact of different financing methods adopted by OEM on the production and recycling decisions under the authorized remanufacturing CLSC models.The research on the mutual influence of capital flow and material flow in manufacturing operation deepens and expands the application of supply chain finance in actual remanufacturing operation management.3.At present,there are few studies explore the influence of behavioral factors and financing strategies on the production decisions of remanufacturing CLSC at the same time.This paper is based on the existing research on either the influence of behavior factors on the production decision or financing strategies on the CLSC operations,the influence of the dual factors of behavioral factors and financing methods on the production decisions of remanufacturing CLSC is studied,and the research on the intersection of behavioral operation,supply chain finance and remanufacturing operation are expanded.This paper provides theoretical guidance for the optimal production decisions of remanufacturing CLSC under different behavioral preferences when considering financing. |
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