The Analysis About Genetic Polymorphisms Of Four Morphological Types Of Orychophragmus Violaceus

Orychophragmus violaceus (Linnaeus) O. E. Schulz is the plant of Orychophragmus Bunge, belong to Brassicaceae. The modality is diversiform. For example, the plant is strong or effeminant; rich of divarications or not, pinnate leavs, serrate or have some dendate which makes the difference is salience. Petals purple, lavender, rosiness, white and throwing colours. The fruit is glabrous or hairy, which exists as fruit growing.The objection of this study is four morphological types (purple petals-glabrous fruit, purple petals-hairy fruit, white petals-glabrous fruit, and white petals-hairy fruit) of Orychophragmus violaceus. Statistaking their progenies'morphological characters, Recarching the genetic relationship of different morphological types of Orychophragmus violaceus based on three DNA sequences, and doing the analysis of the genetic polymorphisms about the allozyme pattern.1. Morphological character observation of the progenies?Collecting 200 plump seeds of different morphological types of Orychophragmus violaceus and planting them in four different areas. Next year, then observe their petals colour and fruits type. The purple petals plants'offspring had no difference in petal colour, but their fruits types were different. 10.5% of the offspring of purple petals-glabrous fruit are hairy fruit, and 52.2% of the progenies of purple petals-hairy fruit are glabrous fruit. Both two kinds of white petal changed their petal colour in offspring. Because of the misgovernment, I didn't get the data of progenies of fruit type of white petals-hairy fruit. The morphological character observation results of progenies show that the white petal of O. violaceus is a special phenomenon, and the character of glabrous or hairy fruit is an unstable character.2. Genetic relationship of different morphological types of Orychophragmus violaceus based on three DNA sequencesThe eleven individuals belonging to four morphological types of O. violaceus were chosen as the experiment material, the NJ phylogenetic tree was constructed based on ITS, trnL-F and psbA-trnH sequence analysis, and the morphological characters of their progenies were observed. The results show that the sequence length of ITS, trnL-F and psbA-trnH is 704, 767 and 216 bp, respectively, and the combined length of the three sequences is 1687 bp with 43.5% G+C content. In which, there are seven variable sites and seven informative sites with 0. 41% variation percentage the trnL-F sequences of the four types of O. violaceus are complete agreement, while ITS and psbA-trnH sequence have a litter difference. The base of 519th site of ITS sequence of only one individual in purple petal- or white petal-hairy fruit types is C, while the others are T. And the bases of 68th-73th sites of psbA-trnH sequence of only one individual in purple petal-or white petal-glabrous fruit types are CAAAAA, while the others are TTTTTG. The NJ phylogenetic trees show that there is not a clearly bound among four types of O. violaceus, so the four types of O. violaceus have a close relationship, and they could be treated as one specie or variants in one species as their unconspicuous differentiation. The morphological character observation results of progenies show that the white petal of O. violaceus is a special phenomenon, and the character of glabrous or hairy fruit is an unstable character.The research results support the classification that O. violaceus var. lasiocarpus Migo can be incorporated into O. violaceus.3. A prelminary study of genetic polymorphisms according to allozyme?The genetic polymorphisms about the allozyme pattern of peroxidase (POD),glutamic dehydrogenase(GDH),alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH),polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of 63 Orychophragmus violaceus plants collected in the Nangjing Botanical Garden,Xuanwu Lake Park,Qingliangshan Park and Nanjing University of Science and Technology were preliminarily studied by discontinuous PAGE.By observing and analyzing the patterns of allozyme, the results showed that: 46 allozyme bands in total for five kinds of allozymes appeared in the analysis and 17 bands among them are shared to O. violaceus. The white petals-glabrous or–hairy fruits have significant differences with the purple petals-glabrous or–hairy fruits on the allozyme pattern of GDH and ADH, and the O. violaceus with same petal color have obvious differences on five kinds of allozyme patterns because of glabrous fruits or hairy fruits. The data analysis showed that there was a high ratio of the polymorphic loci in species of four morphological types, and 80% of genetic diversity within species appeared in populations. It's a great degree of intraspecific variation. That provided the basis for the morphological diversity and the further study about natural hybrid phenomenon of O. violaceus.