| Mineral resources are the human existence and development of the important material foundation, mineral resources industry is China's national economic and social development of basic industry. However, due to mining of mineral resources, the skills and equipment are limited, together with interest driven, making the exploitation of mineral resources in the process created a number of resource waste and environmental pollution. View from the current economic situation, for a long period of time, China's economic momentum of rapid development will occur, then certainly increase the demand for mineral resources, mineral resources if the process again and again on resources and damage the ecological environment, it will be difficult to achieve sustainable use of resources and the environment and sustainable development of society. Therefore, we must make great effort due to the exploitation of mineral resources, ecological destruction caused by appropriate compensation.Firstly, mineral resources and ecological compensation overview of the basic concepts and ideas, and then to their labor value theory, theory of mine rent, compensation for resource depletion theory and externality theory on China's current ecological compensation system for mineral resources in the existing legal issues in detail analysis. Finally, combined with advanced experience in ecological compensation of mineral resources, the status quo of the legal system a practical countermeasures, from legislation to find a breakthrough to provide legal protection for their implementation.
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