The Study On Qinghai Climate Change And Its Impacts On The Ecological Environment

Due to the influence of climate drought and human activities , the ecological environment of Qinghai province is in an increasingly grave condition, namely, climate abnormal events occurring frequently, grassland degenerating, ground sanding, glacier shrinking, water level of lakes descending and river runoff decreasing, and so on. In the basis of extensively collecting and analyzing the data of Qinghai ecological environmental factors such as climate, water resource and grassland resource etc., the further basic research is performed on the ecological environment characters of main climate factors, surface runoff, water resource, LCC and their correlation to coordinate with the basic, strategic and precursory research for the development of China west part and provide the scientific foundation for corresponding development both ecological environment and social economy, and persistent utilization of natural environment resource.The study has systematically investigated the characters of spatial and temporal variation of temperature and precipitation in Qinghai since 1961, and the results show that the trend rate of annually average of temperature in Qinghai is significantly higher than that of the other places in the whole China, with Qinghai acting as a sensitive area of China climate warming, and that precipitation efficiency is also clearly improved. The study on variation rules of surface water resource indicates the decreasing of rainfall and the increasing of the seasonal snow melting that supply to the Yellow River. And the main reason of the influence on surface water resource change is the marked climate warming, the annual vaporization increasing and the annual precipitation decreasing in the upstream area of Yellow River, which result in the decreasing of the river flow rate or drying of the river. The study also reveals the relationship between pasture's growth period, yield and their relation to weather factors and the evolvement characters of grassland vegetation under the background of drought climate, and refers to the main factors of the influence on grass-turn-green period as water condition in Qinghai lake areas, and the main factors as the quantity of heat in the southern area of Qinghai. Because of the drought in the "three rivers source area", the growing season is shortening and the production of the grass is decreasing clearly. Hereby, this study summarizes the actuality of the ecology and environment in this area and primarily predicates a trend of deterioration of the ecological and environmental under warm and dry scenario of future climate. Finally as concerns the key problems of ecological environment, the study separates the whole Qinghai province into 4 ecosystem areas in consideration of the climate factors and puts forward the countermeasure and advice of strengthening the ecological environmental protection for different ecological function sections.