An Elementary Study Of The Technology Of High Resolution Seismic Data Acquisition

In the last few years, along with the technical developing continuously in the seismic prospecting and in our country the development of oil -gas exploration further thorough, the point of the work to the exploration has been changed direction from the shallow layer to the deep layer exploration, from looking for large carry on the back the inclined oil-gas hide to changing direction small carry on the back not the inclined oil-gas hide, the thick layer changes direction thin with each other layer, fine layer and concealment turns shut the development, exploring to tiny view exploration the change from the macroscopic exploration, dynasty "tiny structure" the exploration with the thin layer direction develops. Because of the variety of these characters and the change of the object with the seismic prospecting, the work brought many difficulties, also the later work of exploration was put forward to the higher and more recent request, but data acquisition is the first step in the high resolution seismic prospecting and is the base of acquiring high resolution seismic data. It directly affects on success and failure of seismic prospecting. It is no double that to increase resolution of data and improve signal to noise ratio is based on acquiring good quality of original field data although the technology of processing data is how advanced it is. So it is important to develop the technique of high resolution should be to develop the technology of field data acquisition and improve the data acquisition quality.According to above consideration, this text did the trial research on the aspects of shooting up and exploding velocity and receiving to selects by examinations conditionally, for the aim of making fieldwork parametersoptimal and more fitting scientism rationally. On the base of this, obtaining high precision data of seismic prospecting.For comparing to study these problems systematically, get the primitive data of the high frequency in breadth on the base of signal to noise ratio and provide geology of whole information data with the geology result as possible as it can be. For the sake of this purpose. This thesis is mainly taken into account the following four aspects:Begin with some basic concepts and theories of high-resolution seismic prospecting, emphasizing on discussing some ideas and the interactions concerning data resolution and signal to noise ratio with bandwidth and the factors about affecting the data resolution. Combined with examples, the author pointed out the ways to improve data resolution. Besides, the first link of high-resolution seismic prospecting " chains" inside, that is to say the problem of shooting up, is discussed. Making use of the explosive mechanism and principle of dynamite, the author trivially discussed the influence of dynamite sizes on seismic wave amplitude and frequency, at the same time, arrived at a conclusion about suppressing noise in the period of seismic data acquisition through the research on the model in deep well with the couples. In the third part, coupled with the influence of selecting the receiving condition, after going deep into research, set forth the way of increasing signal to noise ratio and resolution in the course of receiving the seismic data, point out the method that to improve the quality of the acquisition data and suppress noise through using the placement when there is height difference or no height difference between geophones in the same geophone group and uniting array and joint mode ofgeophone. Finally exerting the above technology on the Gu-Long field for validating the practicality.Finally, pass by above paragraphed discussion, get a problem for some meaningful conclusions, and do the some suggestion in the acquisition process for the existing problem.