The Taxonomic Diversity And Conservation Of Cordyceps Fr.from Changbai Mountains

The morphological taxonomy, diversity and conservation of Cordyceps spp. from Changbai Mountains were systematically studied. The bank of fungal spawn was built and Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps nutans were artificially naturalized.Cordyceps belonged to Clavicipitaceae, Hypocreales, Pyrenomycetes, Ascomycota. Nineteen species (or varieties, or forma) from the Changbai Mountains were reporded, which occupied about 16% the total number of that. Seven species of were found in Jilin province for the first time. The above studies offered the bases for the exploitation and utilization of Cordyceps from Changbai Mountains. Specimens examined were deposited in HMJAU and HMAS.The host species, the growth location, color, shape and ornamentation of stromata, the number of stromata, the exist or absent of rhizomorph or branch and some other special characters were described by morphological taxonomy. All those were micro-photoed and drawn. And a key to species were listed.The pollution and interference of human led to the disturbance of biology diversity. In order to prevent the reduction of species number, natural resources should be conserved. Local and migratory conservation were used. Local conservation was used to maintain the ecological environment of Cordyceps. Migratory conservation was used to manage and multiply the rare resources in the lab and enlarge the group. Cordyceps from Changbai Mountains were isolated to be culture, and the fungal spawn were preserved and artificially naturalized.The construction of fungal spawn bank can be used to enlarge reproduction lest species extinction. The growth of Cordyceps hyphae were compared in different nutrition conditions to select the most optimum one. The Cordyceps pruinosa, Cordyceps takaomontana, Cordyceps norvegica, Cordyceps sobolifera, Cordyceps clavulata, Cordyceps gunnii, Cordyceps brongniartii, Cordyceps tuberculata, Cordyceps melolonthae and Cordyceps militaris were artificially naturalized and obtained mature encarpiums.The species, ecological distribution and artificial naturalized of Cordyceps from Changbai Mountains were recorded. The studies increased the biological resources for Jilin province and provided scientific methods for protecting and cultivating of Cordyceps spp.