Risk Analysis On Groundwater Environment In Haihe Basin

The body of groundwater is compound of water quality and water quantity, which altogether reflect the comprehensive environment situation of the groundwater. However during the past assessment in civil and abroad, the two directions have not been considered very well. As a kind of resources, groundwater is effected not only by nature factors, but importantly by human activities including many complicated factors. Furthermore the assessment of groundwater environment quality is full of uncertainty and imprecision. Therefore, the assessment of groundwater environment quality combining water quality and water quantity involves in water quality, water quantity, over-extract level and the geological environment disasters which is caused by over-extract, and so on. Virtually, the assessment of groundwater environment quality is a multi-principle and multi-character comprehensive assessment. In this paper, the author summarizes the comprehensive assessment methods used in groundwater environment quality before, and proposes an index system of comprehensive assessment in which both water quality and water quantity are considered after analyzing the characteristics of groundwater environments in Haihe basin. The theories and approaches for calculating the values of the indexes and their weights are also presented. On the basis of these, the general hierarchical structure of the index system of the comprehensive assessment of groundwater environment in Haihe basin is put forward. Then based on fuzzy theory, fuzzy assessment model is formulated. Finally the model is applied to the comprehensive assessment of five representative cities in Haihe basin — Shijiazhuang and Tangshan ( lying in plains adjacent to mountains) , Cangzhou and Hengshui ( lying in middle plains ) and Tianjin ( lying in east coastal plains).The results of evaluation is consistent with the actual situations showed by concerned information and data, which testifies the reasonability of the index system and the fuzzy assessment model put forward in this paper. This paper can offer reference to comprehensive assessment of groundwater environment quality in other areas.