General Relativity Effect Of Photon And Graviton With Rest Mass

. The conventional electromagnetic theory, based on Maxwell equations, has been successful in treating manifold problems in physics during the past century. They are accepted only in the macroscopic limit. However, it is paid attention to whether the photon has nonzero rest mass. The effect of a nonzero photon rest mass can be incorporated into electromagnetic by replacing Maxwell's equations with their simplest relativistic generalization, the Proca equations. Based on Proca equations, some far-reaching implications from massive photon, such as the frequency dependence of the speed of light, the deviations of static electromagnetic field(additional Yukawa potential), the longitudinal electromagnetic radiation. Proca equations have been mainly studied in flat space and it has been studied also in curved space during the past decades. The study show that a nonzero photon rest mass has effect on various metrics. We first studied the Proca effect of a magnetic dipole field in curved space. The Proca equation in the magnetic field would be presented. It yields the vector potential in the Schwarzschild space. A solution of the Einstein-Proca equations is obtained with the iteration in a long range. We also studied the Proca equations of an electric field in curved space. A Kerr-Newman metric with the photon rest mass can be presented by the analytic continuing to complex space in a short range. It yields the correction in the Kerr-Newman space. At last another interesting except a nonzero photon rest mass is the property of a nonzero graviton rest mass. It can be obtained that the formula of the orbital decay of the binary pulsars contains a nonzero graviton rest mass. The orbital decay of the binary pulsars we studied agreement between the predictions of theory and the observed orbital decay of the binary pulsars PSR B1913116 in 2001 August. It allows us to bound the graviton mass to be less than .