The Landscape Pattern And Envolution Of The Submerged Delta And River Mouth Delta Of Yellow River

There is less research work of swamp landscape of coast belt in our country compared with other work , withal, the distributing of swamp landscape of coast belt is imbalance ,and the research work of that is mainly centralizing in Bohai bay area , especially in Huang River delta and Liao River delta, however ,the most thorough and wild research is the Liao river delta . The sight research work of Huang river delta and Liao river delta is from simple delta swamp landscape pattern analyse to landscape dynamic and landscape function analyse (the research work of landscape function analyse is mainly centralized in Liao river delta area). Distinctive feature of the area is most important for the sight research . The research work of Liao river delta have already reached to a certainty level ,because Liao river delta swamp is near by the SheYang institute of application ecology, which is easy to research in the opern country . The research work of Huang river delta is lowness compared with the research work of Liao river delta ,ChenLiding (1996)have analized the relationship between human being activity and sight structure through choosing sight multiformity , degree of predominance ,landscape fragmentation and landscape separation as the estimating index;BuRencang atc. (1999) have analized the separation of Huang river delta by the physiognomy ,soil and vegetation as the sight classigy index , using the interspace relatively relationship among perimeter acreage ratio of spot , relative acreage and other landscape style as the identifying basement index , recognizing corridor according to the perimeter acreage ratio of spot , and also using the consistency;XiaoDuning atc.(2001) published "swamp landscape ecology research of Bohai delta",which through summarize the research work of swamp engerderer of Huang river delta and the anlalying of the swamp landscape pattern . so we can see that the research work of Huang river delta is only limited to the research of strcture analyse ,howerve, the analyse work of structure is also not thorough. This text is thorough analyse and discuss the sight character of the submerged delta and the river mouth delta through RS and GIS technology , which giving a dynamic anlalyse to the structure evolvement , the results of that is not only enriching the research method ,but also having the important praxis signification . The research of the submerged delta growth and evolvement according to the neritic depth data around the Huang river in 1855,1968,1976 and 1984. The results indicate that it is the widely silting period from 1855 to 1968, and the whole sea area the widely silting in -10 m depth through silted about 100 years , the fastest silting area of which is between Hekou and Yuwa ,fathom line 0m is in 1968 is obvious went over the -10 m in 1855 being close to -15 m fathom line,the fastest silt is 32.8 km ,the equilibration of silt is 0.31 km/a , the net silt is about 379.11 hundred million ton in this time . Because Huang river enter to sea near by the DiaoKou from 1968 to 1976 , this area had the fastest silt, fathom line 0m is in 1976 is obvious went over the -10 m in 1968, the fastest area is about 6.5 km, -10 m shallow sea area is prevalent filled up . Net silt amount is 72.34hundred million ton,which is the 88.4% of the sand amount of Lijin stand. Clash silt structure of Huang river delta took great place from 1976 to 1984 , appeared fierceness corroded area which is located outside the Immortal gouge jaws (Huang rive Old road ) and speediness silt area outside Qingshuigou route.The corrosive area of Shenxiangou mouth outside ,the fastest bank line countermarch area got to 6.5 km compared 0 m in 1984 to 1976 ; the fastest silt area of Huang river submerge delta 0m in 1984 extend to sea about 12.8 km compared with 1976; 0m line was back off in north area , but the isobath of -5 m and -10 m did not chang too much , net silt amount was 55.81, which is the 83.8%。of water amount of Lijing stand in the same period of time , the isobath diversification of south area is not too much . It is not have the great chang in south area .The growth and evolvement of the river mouth delta since 1976 is to be the reduction of the whole delta , researched the engenderer evolvement ,ground usage and ground cover diversification by secondary planet image from 1976 to 2000 for discussing the sight evolvement of delta . The bank line flux of modern Huang river delta can be devided into three part : in north , pushing to sea about 5 km from 1976 to 1983 , corrasion countermarch is 2 km in the following two years , and then , bank line keep steady all the time because of the building of the moistureproof mound ; in south, the diversification is not too much ; in middle , it is the most exquisite changed bank area , which pushed to sea 7 km from 1976 to 1983 , extending to southeast to Laizhouwan 14km from 1984 to 1996 , along with the manual change its route in 1996 , coming into being a small beak shape sand spit about6.5km , at the same time ,the scrap sand spit is corraded back off about 2km. The growth of Huang river can be devided into four part according to riverway swing rule and prolongation direction of delta : ①Filling bay period(1976-1981) creating land about 243.3 km2 in all , the everage is 48.7 per year ;②The middle part protruded period(1981-1983), the new created land area is 72.1 km2 Corroded only 1.0 km2 , average creating land area is about 35.6 km2/yr;③...