Application Of The ARPES On The High-temperature Cuprate Superconductors

As we all know, Bednorz and Muller found the High Tc Superconductor (ab. HTSC) first in 1986, since then, hundreds of high temperature cuprate superconductors have been found, we have not found the mechanism of them yet, but the understanding for the characteristics of the HTSC deepened, especially for some physical questions about the mechanism, for example exist the CuO2 layer, the superconducting energy gap has the d-wave order parameter , and the normal state has pseudogap etc. In this process ARPES— angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy has played a major role. This is because ARPES is the best direct measure to study the electronic structure of the solid. Moreover, in two dimensions, ARPES directly probes the single particle spectral function, and therefore offers a complete picture of the many body interactions inherent in these strongly correlated systems.The ARPES of HTSC is unsymmetrical. But theoretically, in the Hubbardphenomenological model, on the basis of "particle—hole symmetrical characteristic",we often get the symmetrical distribution of the spectral function with the nearest neighbor hopping only. In this paper the influence of pseudo gap and the next nearest neighbor hopping on the ARPES is studied on the same model, we calculate the spectral function and the density of states under the mean-field approximation. It is found that the results mimic the properties of cuprate quite well.In the first chapter of the article we introduce the principle of the ARPES. In the second chapter we introduce the basic properties of the HTSC. We enumerate some applications of the ARPES on the study of the HTSC in the third chapter. Then we calculate the spectral function and the density of states under the mean-field approximation. The nearest and the next nearest neighbor hopping on the ARPES be considered together. Chapter five is the conclusion of the article.