Periodic Variety In Swarming Motility Phenomena Of Proteus Mirabilis

The periodic swarming of bacteria is a flagella-dependent motility and bacterial cells move out from inoculation point as a group on the surface of solid medium. Thre are two main characteristics of this motility. Firstly, compared with swimmers in liquid medium, swarmer cells differentiate dramatically in shape, metabolism and expression of some proteins. Secondly, swarming is a group behavior instead of an individual behavior like swimming. It was showed that single bacterial cell was unable to move out on the solid medium surface.More and more new species were found to have swarming motility which is believed to be a universal phenomenon. Enterobacteria are main pathogen of urethral infection. Results of study on Proteus mirabilis indicated that ability of Proteus mirabilis to invade human urethral cells is coupled to motility and swarming differentiation.The main content and important results of this study are listed in the following:1. It was showed that Proteus mirabilis VI was able to be induced a less vigorous swarming and only move on the plate with 0.5%-2.5%agar concentration range. The speed and wave graphics of Swarming motility have relative with the concentration of agar and the wet of plate surface.2. In the model, swarmers exhibited obvious differentiation including elongated shape, increasing expression of flagella, inhibition of aerobic respiration and increasing hydrophilicity of bacterial cell surface.3. The Proteus mirabilis showed red ring and non-red ring appearance alternately which indicated inhibition of aerobic respiration when adding the TTC, which as indictor of breath enzyme, in the culture medium,.4. Bacterium quantity of Proteus mirabilis changed with periodic rhythm of respiration enzyme, which lay evidences for forming alternately of Cryptic growth cell and Vegetative cell.5. Meilan deoxidize reaction indicate that aerobic respiration always happened at the outside ring. As the outside ring forming living active tended to exoteric system.6. Acidic metabolization of PM was consanguineous related to PM swarming motility speed.7. Geometric wave culture and semisolid micro-culture showed that bacteria behaved self-organized biological characteristic, which exhibited tendency, self-limitation, economization, opening,etc.8. Adherence experiment proved that adheric ability of Cryptic growth cell was obviously strong than that of Vegetative cell, and showed that Cryptic growth cell and Vegetative cell behaved different characters.9. Laser scanning confocal microtechnic approved that pH in Cryptic growth cell was obviously higher than that of Vegetative cell.10. Endotoxin detection showed that LPS content per volume in Cryptic growth cell was lower than that of Vegetative cell.A general understanding of molecular mechanism of swarming in various index was gained by analysis of the simplest examples for pattern formation produced by the self-organized collective behavior in this study. Some new discoveries increased our knowledge of molecular mechanism of swaming motility, which was our important harvest.To deep research of these new phenomenons has important theory and practical significance, which lay foundation for deeper recognization of swarming motivity.