A Research On Surface Peaks And Its Attribution's Spatial Distributing Based On DEM In Shaanxi Province

The landform and its spatial differentiation characteristic intuitively reveal the interactions of surface structure, distortion and different kinds of terrain process as well. The terrain feature points which widely range on earth surface structure the terrain, skeleton, and have definite control action of landform. The surface peak is one of the most indispensable terrain feature point in morphological investigation. This study takes the surface peak as a breakthrough, in order to analysis the distributing of the terrain feature points in different topographic forms. The study achieves a fast and effective method to extract surface peaks based on DEM with the support of GIS software, then analyses the uncertainty effect of DEM resolution and the size of analysis windows on the result of surface peaks extracted. Then, we take Shaanxi province as the experiment area to study the spatial attribution of the surface peaks, such as the spatial distribution characteristic of the mean elevation, the standard deviation of the elevation and the density of the surface peaks. The result indicates: The spatial distribution feature of surface peaks can reflect the landform features and its evolution mechanism. The spatial attribution of surface peaks, including scale effect, mean elevation of surface peaks, std. of surface peaks' elevation and density of peaks, their distribution features can indicate the landform features very well. This study first uses spatial distribution of terrain feature points' attribute to indicates the regional variety characteristic, and develops the means of Digital terrain analysis. The study makes a good foundation for using DEM in terrain pattern recognition. This study also achieves the quality description and indication of landform features in alarge scale, and develops, perfects the content and technologic of digital landform.