Teleportation Of Quantum States And Their Quantum Logic Circuits

This thesis investigates the basis theory of teleportation of unknown arbitrary quantum states. Through the non-locality of the quantum entanglement, teleportation schemes of arbitrary one-particle, two-particle, three-particle and n-particle states are proposed. Their quantum logic circuits are also given.Quantum entanglement, a basic phase for superposition in a multi-particle system, has become a new focus of activity in the field of quantum information science. Teleporting an unknown quantum states is an important example. In this thesis, the preparation and measurement of Bell states of two particles are introduced. A scheme for teleporting an arbitrary one-particle, two-particle, three-particle and n-particle states are proposed. In terms of the basic logic gates, the quantum logic circuits for teleporting an arbitrary one-particle, two-particle, three-particle and n-particle states are also presented. It is necessary to mention, while teleporting an arbitrary two-particle state, a new proposal in which Bob need not introduce an auxiliary particle and can also reconstruct the original state is presented, which can simplify the quantum logic circuit.Teleportation of an unknown quantum state includes three processes, preparing entangled EPR states, performing joint Bell state measurements on the particle that will be teleported and one particle of the EPR state, and then performing a unitary transformation on the second particle of the EPR state. A scheme for teleporting an arbitrary n-particle state is also proposed. It is necessary to set up n distant entangled pairs. Alice performs a joint Bell state measurement on her particles n times. She informs Bob the results of her measurement through classical channels. Bob then performs a unitary transformation on his particles. The original quantum state can be recovered. The probability of successful teleportation is related to the quantum channel. If the quantum channel is composed of n maximally entangled particle pairs, the total probability of successful teleportation equals one, which is complete teleportation. While the quantum channel is composed of n non-maximally entangled particle pairs, the total probability of successful teleportation is related to the n smaller coefficients of the n entangled pairs, which is probabilistic...