Optical Function Microstructures In Transparent Materials Induced By Femtosecond Laser

Femtosecond laser has become the focus of attention because of it's characters of ultra-strong and ultra-fast. Firstly, the duration time of the femtosecond is so short that it can lead to high fluence which can machining almost all of the materials. Recently, high precision micro-machining and processing has been realized in transparent dielectrics, semiconductors and metals by femtosecond laser. Secondly, the femtosecond can be focused to the size smaller than the diffraction limited size by nonlinear effect, which we can use to produce nanostructure material. Thirdly, the coherent effect of femtosecond is good, so it can be used to holographic optical carving. On the other hand, the small-size effect of the metal nanoparticle is also a fascinating point. Particularly metal nanoparticles can result in enhanced optical nonlinearity as excited near the surface plasmon resonance, and accordingly metal nanoparticles are expected to be applicable to optical information processing and so on. But it is very difficult to accomplish space selective precipitation of metal nanoparticles in matrix materials by traditional fabrication method. In this paper, various periodic microstructures formed from Ag nanoparticles were fabricated by femtosecond laser induction and heat treatment. Surface relief gratings were fabricated by interfered femtosecond laser. These are the new fabrication approach of opto-electronic integrated nanostructure devices. And we measured the diffraction efficiency of the above formed gratings. The main researches:1. Space selective precipitation of Ag nanoparticles in glasses by femtoseco-nd laser direct scan and heat treatment.Ag nanoparticles were space selectively precipitated in glasses by the femtosecond laser direct scan inside Ag+ doped silicate glasses and subsequent heat treatment. The periodic microstructures containing Ag nanoparticles with different period and precipitation depth were obtained by changing the femtosecond laser induction conditions.2. Periodical microstructures were fabricated on the glasses by the interfered...