Foundation Of Lunar Control Network And Research Of Lunar Projection Theory

As the earth's nearest neighbour, the moon not only holds abundance resources in store but also is a very ideal experiment base, so in the 21^st century most space-flight countries and organizations regard the lunar exploration as the emphasis of the deep space exploration. China starts the lunar exploration program "Chang'e Project" in 2004, and the circle-moon satellite "Chang'e-1"will be launched before 2007.Selenodesy is one of most roles in lunar exploration. In this paper, the theories of lunar control network foundation and lunar map projection are studied. Three foundation methods of lunar control network and the progress in American lunar control network are summarized and analyzed. A software is compiled to query control points conveniently. An adjustment model is built in order to calculate and analyze the use of the known lunar control points in improving the precision of the lunar control network. The Satellite-to-Satellite (SST) technique in Japanese lunar exploration mission SELENE is briefly introduced to resolve the problem that the lunar control network in the far-side is difficult to found.In this paper, a series of lunar map projection formulas are deduced including azimuthal projections, cylindrical projections and conical projections. The lunar map projections software is compiled. By caculating lunar map projection distortions, their projection distortion rules are found. Base on the lunar exploration mission, the lunar map projection scheme is given in this paper. The azimuthal conformal projection or the circumcenter perspective azimuthal projection is usually used in small areas, especially in two poles. When the whole map of the moon is needed, the azimuthal conformal projection or the circumcenter perspective azimuthal projection is used within 10° in the poles, and the traverse tangent cylindrical conformal projection or the normal secant conical conformal projection can be used in else areas, furthermore, band-division is necessary to reduce the projection distortion.