Effects Of X-ray On The Embryonic Development Of Bufo Raddei And Difference Expression Of Lung Proteins

Part I : Effects of X-ray on the development of Bufo Raddei Tadpoles. The Anuran - Bufo Raddei Strauch tadpoles at stage 25,30,36 and 39 were radiated continuously three days by five dosages X-Ray. One week after radiation, fixed the livers with Bowins and embed, by means of paraffin section and Hematoxylin-Eosin stain and by using the microscope to observe the structure of tadpole liver radiated. Detected the antoxidant enzymes activities such as SOD, CAT, LDH and the content of MDA.The results showed that one week after radiation, the activity of SOD and CAT of tadpoles at four stages radiated by five dosages X-Ray had differences compared to the controls. The activity of SOD and CAT of 25 and 30 stage tadpoles increased first and then decreased, the activity of SOD decreased gradually and CAT of 36 stage tadpoles was higher than controls and increased first and then decreased with increase of doses. The SOD activity of 39 stage tadpoles was lower than controls, CAT activity increased first and then decreased. The change of SOD and CAT activity was remarkable and reflected a higher sensitivity to X-Ray. The decrease of tadpoles activity suggested that X-Ray cause accumulating excessive reactive oxygen species in tadpole.With the development of the tadpole embryo, the SOD and CAT activity of 4 stages in the same dose both increased, showing that sensitivity of tadpole to X-Ray decrease. The result still showed that the MDA content radiated by five dosages X-Ray is higher than that in controls and increase gradually with the increase of doses, which is relative to the decrease of SOD activity. Even more reflected accumulating excessive reactive oxygen species in tadpoles. The activity of LDH also changed. Compared to the controls, the LDH activity of 25 and 39 stage tadpoles decreased first and then increased, 36 stage increased first and then decreased, 39 stage increased. The liver pathology showed that small holes and cell number increased after three days continuous radiation. Conclusion: X-Ray impacted the embryonic development of Bufo Raddei Strauch.Continous radiation made acculating ROS.Compared to the controls, 4 kinds of enzyme activities had differences,the liver structure also had changed.Part II: The comparison and analysis on proteins of the lung tissues of lizard, toad, golden pheasant and rat by SDS-PAGE. The metamorphosis of development amphibian is a leap in evolutionary history, a significant transformation of animal from hydrophilous to terricolous, from using the gill breath to use the lung breath, the transformation has the important status in the animal evolutionary history. The proteins expression is certainly different in the process of metamorphosis development, through comparing these different expression level of proteins to attempt to discover some vital proteins playing important role in the tadpole metamorphosis development and to analysis the characteristic and function of these proteins. This research selected 36, 37, 38 and 39 stage tadpoles' lung tissue, using the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis technology to analysis and compare the differences of 4 stage tadpole lung proteins, which was helpful to discuss the different expression of proteins on the molecular level. The result indicated that, along with the tadpole metamorphosis development, the quantity and content of the lung tissue proteins had certain changes. At 36 and 37 stage, the protein had the similar protein expression. Compared to 36and 37 stage, new proteins had expressed in stage 38 and 39.Lung is the important breathing apparatus of Vertebrates and protein is the main component of the lung tissues, therefore the lung proteins expression has differences along with the changes from simplicity to complexity, from low-grade to high-grade of Vertebrates. In the present paper, the low molecular protein constitution of lung tissues on Bufo raddei, Eremias multiocellata, chroysolophus pictus and Wistar rat was studied by SDS-PAGE and TLC Scanning. The results showed that the proteins strips in lung tissues of Bufo raddei, Eremias multiocellata, chrysolophus pictus and Wistar rat which increased gradually are 19, 20, 20and 24 respectively. They have 11 common protein strips. The proteins which the lung tissues of Bufo raddei, Eremias multiocellata and Wistar rat only have are 2 strips, Bufo raddei, Eremias multiocellata and Wistar rat are 1 strip, Eremias multiocellata, chroysolophus pictus and albino rat are 2 strips; Bufo raddei, Eremias multiocellata are 3 strips; chroysolophus pictus and Wistar rat are 5 strips; Eremias multiocellata and Wistar rat are 1 strip. In addition, the lung tissues of 4 kinds Vertebrates both have differential protein strips.