Spatial And Temporal Pattern Of The Avian Nest Webs Structure In Secondary Forest

We choose three kinds of samples in Zuojia nature reserve in eastern Jilin province and do research during March 2005 to July 2005 and March 2006 to July 2006. One sample is in nature state, one is added with wood boxes and the other is wiped off holes picked by woodpecker and nests made by Pica Pica (Linnaeus) before breeding. The research is mainly on the spatial and temporal pattern of different kinds of birds nest webs as the following.In some section of nest webs pattern level average distance, the least distance and the most distance, there are many same kinds of birds in both landscape orientation and portrait levels and similarly there are many sameness by analyzing Parus major Linnaeus and Parus palustris Linnaeus.The reproductive birds in different kinds of nest webs divide into three groups. One is super-stratum group which contains Otus bakkamoena Pennant, Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, Falco amurensis Linnaeus, Accipiter gentilis (Linnaeus), Pica Pica(Linnaeus) and Oriolus chinensis Linnaeus, one is middle-level group which contains Parus major Linnaeus, Parus palustris Linnaeus, Sitta europaea Linnaeus, Phoenicurus auroreus(Pallas), Ficedula zanthopygia(Hay), Passer montanus(Linnaeus), Picoides major(Linnaeus), Picus canus Gmelin, Picoides leucotos(Bechstein), Otus sunia(Linnaeus), Sturnus cineraceus Temminck, Upupa epops Linnaeus, Streptopelia orientalis(Latham), Turdus hortulorum Sclater, Lanius tigrinus Drapiez, Sturnus cineraceus Temminck, Upupa epops Linnaeus, Streptopelia orientalis(Latham), Garrulus glandarius(Linnaeus), Turdus hortulorum Sclater and Aegithalos caudatus(Linnaeus), the other is substratum group which contains Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, Emberiza elegans Temminck and Acrocephalus bristrigiceps Swinhoe.In 2005 and 2006, the proportion of resident birds is bigger at reproductive prophase. With the summer migratory birds'coming back, its proportion is bigger and bigger at metaphase. Summer migratory birds'proportion is bigger than resident birds at anaphase. Overall in different nest webs resident birds'proportion is bigger than summer migratory birds. The least proportion of resident birds is 61.4% and the most is 84.2%. Reproductive bird density and the proportions of summer migratory birds and resident birds of middle-level group are bigger than that of super-stratum group and those of the latter are bigger than that of substratum. The density in added sample is bigger than in wiped off sample and the latter is bigger than nature sample. Unit species number, Margalef abundance index, diversity index and density at metaphase are bigger than that at anaphase and those of latter are bigger than that at prophase. Unit area species number at each phase of wiped off sample is bigger than nature sample and that of the latter is bigger than added sample. Margalef abundance index and diversity index in nature sample are the most in both whole years and that are less in added sample than wiped off sample in 2005 and more in 2006. During the two year the equality index in added sample is higher than nature sample and the latter is higher than that in wiped off sample.The correlation of abundance indexes of super-stratum and substratum group is negative and less notable and that of middle-level group and substratum is positive and is notable in 2005(r=0.8251,p=.0430). And that of middle-level group and super-stratum is positive in 2005 and is negative in 2006.The correlations of homogeneity in different phase and different kinds of samples have small differences by analyzing that of the nest characteristics of three kinds of birds (Oriolus chinensis Linnaeus, Ficedula zanthopygia(Hay) and Aegithalos caudatus(Linnaeus)).The correlations of interspecies in nest height and nearest distance, angle of nearest homogeneity, farthest distance, angle of farthest homogeneity, species density, nest density, nest tree height, nest tree thorax width are even different in negative and positive in different group and sample.Regress equations show that there are remarkable regression in nest height and nearest distance, angle of nearest homogeneity, farthest distance, angle of farthest homogeneity, species density, nest density, nest tree height, nest tree thorax width in tree groups and bird community in tree kinds of sample. It also indicates that nest height has a remarkable infection to the interspecies and the quantities of different species in bird community.Above all nest webs structures in secondary forest are solid and dynamic and have some rules.