Comparison Of Cyt B And CoI Gene Sequences From 15 Species In Passeriformes And Phylogeny Of Some Shrike Species

The birds of Passeriformes are the group which are the largest number, the most species, the highest station of evolvement and the broadest adaptive radiation of existent aves. The traditional taxonomy were onlyaccording to morphologic and behavioral characters, however their morphologic and behavioral characters are so complicated that we could not differentiate some species easily. Therefore we had some taxonomic research by molecular means in order to supply traditional taxonomy. By employing two kinds of molecular marker of mitochondrial DNA, i. e. Cyt b and CoI gene, the sequences of 15 species representing 6 families from Passeriformes were compared. We analysed their sequences compose and characteristic with the sorft of MEG3.1, and built the phylogenetic trees in PAUP~*4.0. We deeply analysed the feasibility that CoI gene qua the marker to research the phylogenetic relationship of Passeriformes, and afford the academic proof for building the DNA barcoding of the birds. Furthermore, Cyt b and CoI gene sequence were analysed mostly in this paper. Phylogenetic trees of MP, ML, NJ, Bayesian methord based on Cyt b gene, CoI gene, and combined gene data were built respectively. We analysed their phylogenetic relationship, and defecate the mistiness questions about traditional classify in Lanius, lastly we discussed the station of some shrike species. The results showed that:(1) After comparing and analyzing the Cyt b and CoI gene sequences of 15 species representing 6 families from Passeriformes, the results showed that the variable sites of Cyt b and CoI gene sequence were 454 and 366, and parsimony information sites were 337 and 303 respectively. Moreover, CoI gene was more conservative and a lower evolutionary rate than Cyt b gene. CoI gene was an effective marker in analysing the phylogenesis of families in Passeriformes. It can be used in identifying the species of Passeriformes, but it was revealed that CoI gene was more suitable to identify the phylogenetic relationship of avian family unit than Cyt b gene, and CoI gene can be a molecular marker to identify avian species. But in species identification, CoI gene was less stable and accurate than Cyt b gene. We suggested you'd better employ the other marker if you have the CoI gene only.(2) In the phylogenetic trees of birds from Lanius, L. minor and L. tigrinus were first to diverge. Secondly, a parallel clade was diverged: one was clustered with the L. isabellinus and L. collurio, which formed a sister group; the other was clustered with L. schach and L. cristatus that were parallel with the cluster of L. tephronotus and L. bucephalus. It can be seen that L. tephronotus and L. bucephalus were the group that were last diverged.(3) Complete Cyt b gene sequences(1, 143bp), partial CoI gene sequences(1, 176bp) and Cyt b gene sequences combined with CoI gene sequences(2, 319bp) from 22 samples of 8 species in Lanius were analysed using the phylogenetic method. And recombining monphologic and geobiological characters, it can be seen that L. isabellinus and, L. collurio were independent species. We agreed with the Biswas (1950) and Harris&Franklin's (2000)view about the classified station of L. schach and L. tephronotus. In the other word, they were two independent species. And at the same time, L. schach ('black-type' once considered a distinct species L. fuscatus) is a variation group of L. schach, and they were the same species.