Studies On Phytocoensium Characteristic And Function Of Surface Flow Constructed Wetland In Shenyang Hunnan Area

The plant is a essential important constituent of the surface flow wetland in sewage purifying and a garden landscape constructing. This text pass to an inquisition on the changes of the surface flow wetland plants in a growth period in the Hunnan new area Shenyang and have conducted the detailed research to the plant community's characteristic (the species composition, the quantity characteristic, the appearance and structure, the dynamic state characteristic of the plant community) and the function (the biomass, the nitrogen and the phosphor absorption by the upper part, the landscape effect of the plant community), and provides the referential suggestion for the surface flow wetland in the reasonable floristic component choice, plant community disposed sciencely and wetland ecosystem functions' completeness.The category of the surface flow wetland plant communities mainly was a Reed, Typha, Acorus, but the new companion species have continuously emerged and disappeared along with the variety of season, in the meantime to carries on the observation and the record with the various plants' phenology. The plant which starts sprout at the late April is Reed, Typha, Acorus; then at the late May Nymphoides peltatum and Scirpus triqueter appears; and the Lotus flower blooms at the late June; from July to September a little amount of Polygonum Orientalel and Polygonum hydropiper appears, but Nymphoides peltatum and Lotus flower start wither away; After mid-September, the Reed first starts wither away and till mid-October, the surface flow wetland plant communities fall into dormancy. Moreover, do some possibility analysis on the emergence of the new population and the disappearance of artificial planted populations.The measurement of the amount characteristic of the populations mainly carries on the density, individual total quantity, coverage, frequency of the plant community. The density, the quantity, coverage, frequency of the plant community changes with the variety of the season and the category. The density measurement indicate that the density of Reed, Typha, Acorus, lotus flower, Scirpus triqueter and Nymphoides peltatum reduce gradually, the variety degree of the Reed is the biggest, and the Scirpus triqueter least; The measurement which passes the amount quantity of individual in the community indicates the total amount quantity of Reed, Typha, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter individual continuously increases from late April to the beginning of September, and in the late May to mid-June rise most quickly, then it stop grow basicly at the end of August, total amount measurement of individual settle basic constant, but the Nymphoides peltatum individual in the late June measure more and greatly, along with the increment of the Lotus flower, the total amount of individual descends, and it gets biggest in the late mid-July; The coverage measurement of the plant community is a gradual aggrandizement, in late mid-July the coverage of the Lotus flower gets to the biggest; In the frequency measurement of the plant community, it indicates that at the late April to the late May the frequency of Typha community is biggest, at the late May to the late the frequency of June Nymphoides peltatum is biggest, the frequency of Lotus flower is the biggest in mid-July, after mid-August the frequency of Acorus be the biggest.The outward appearance and structure of the plant communities change with the variety of the category and the variety of the high growth. At the late April to mid-May, the horizontal structure is composed by the Reed, Typha, Acorus, the height of the threes is close by, and the layer isn't obvious; At the late May to mid-June, the horizontal structure is composed by the Reed, Typha, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter and Nymphoides peltatum, layer changing in proper high to low order is a Reed, Typha, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter and Nymphoides peltatum; At the late June to mid-July, the horizontal structure is composed by the Reed, Typha, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter, Nymphoides peltatum and Lotus flower, and the layer changs from high to low is a Typha, Reed, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter, Lotus flower, Nymphoides peltatum; At the late July to mid-August, the horizontal structure is composed by the Reed, Typha, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter, Polygonum Orientalel, Polygonum hydropiper and Lotus flower, the layer structure changing from the high to low is a Typha, Reed, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter, Polygonum Orientalel, Polygonum hydropiper, Lotus flower; After mid-August, the horizontal structure is composed by the Reed, Typha, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter, Polygonum Orientalel and Polygonum hydropiper, the layer structure changing from the high to low is a Typha, Reed, Acorus, Scirpus triqueter, Polygonum Orientalel, Polygonum hydropiper.The dynamic research of the plant community mainly based on the analysis with the community dynamic state and the interspecies mutually influence. Pass to the dynamic state research, we know that: The Reed growth presents a trend that it proliferate toward to the inner part, but Typha is contrary; The growth on the surface space of the Nymphoides peltatum community restricted by the Lotus flower community, but the Typha community and the Reed community promote the growth mutually, and Scirpus triqueter, Polygonum Orientalel, Polygonum hydropiper and Acorus communities don't take any influence with each other.From the measurement of ground and underground biomass of a single plant we can know: at the late April to the mid-June, the total biomass of a single Acorus being bigger than a single Typha, and a single Typha being bigger than a single Reed, the unit area biomass of the Acorus is bigger than the Typha, and the Reed biomass of the unit area is smaller; Grow a last phase at the late June, the total biomass of a single Acorus being bigger than a single Typha, and a single Typha being bigger than a single Reed, the unit area biomass of the Reed is bigger than the Acorus, and the Typha biomass of the unit area being smaller. And the biomass of the plant community increase continuously from the beginning of sprout, and it attains biggest in August, then it descends after September.From the nitrogen and the phosphor absorption by the upper part of a single plant we can see that: to the single plant plants in the same community, The nitrogen and the phosphor absorption of area 2 is bigger than area 2; The ability of the nitrogen and the phosphor absorption by the populations in the unit area follows the high to low order which is a Reed, Acorus, then Typha.Pass the investigation that the residents' evaluation toward to plant community landscape effect we can know that residents approves to the landscape effect of the Lotus flower which flowers better, the Nymphoides peltatum and the Acorus which is evergreen; The Reed leaf become yellow a little early, and the landscape effect is not good any more after the mid-September; For the Typha, the insect pest occurs seriously in summer, and it makes smaller use by the residents. Moreover pass the research on the height, density, dynamic state, phenology of the plant community, combined together the evaluation that the residents toward to the park road, essay, rockery in the surface flow wetland, carries on the design to the surface flow wetland plant landscape.