Genetic Structure Of Diploid And Triploid Crucian Carp Using Genitic Marker Of DNA And Isozymes

Genetic markers of DNA and isozyme, chromosome number and measurement of erythrocytes were used to studying the genetic structure of diploid and triploid crucian carp.1. RAPD and isozyme genetic markers were used to analysing clone of 32 crucian carps of Yuqiao reservoir, and compared with pengze crucian carps of Jiujing and Ninghe. And their erythrocytes were measured. The results showed that 22 crucian carps of Yuqiao reservoir were divided into 5 clonal types. There were 3 fish (9.4%) in cloneⅠ, 2 (6.3%) in cloneⅡ, 4 (12.5%) in cloneⅢ, 5 (15.6%) in cloneⅣand 8 (25%) in clone V, respectively. 10 rest samples respectively had own electrophoretogram. Two pengze crucian carps populations of Jiujiang and Ninghe were one clonal type, they were not different with RAPD. Crucian carps of Yuqiao reservoir and two pengze crucian carps were not the same clonal type.2. Two pengze crucian carps populations of Jiujiang and Ninghe, crucian carps of Heilongjiang, crucian carps of Tianjin and goldfish were analysis for identification of types in general protein patterns using the starch-gel electrophoretic method, and compared with Japanese crucian carps. And erythrocytes were measured to distinguish the diploid and triploid of crucian carps. The results showed that there were four types, BB, BC, CC, and BD in the diploid crucian carps of China, the main type was BB. These 4 types were obvious different with diploid crucian carps of Japan. The triploid populations of Chinese crucian carps were also identified 4 types. The 2 types of Fangzheng silver crucian carps differ from triploid pengze crucian carps of Jiujiang, Ninghe and triploid crucian carps of Yuqiao reservoir and Sendai, Japan. All of pengze crucian carps of Jiujiang and Ninghe, and 95.1% in crucian carps of Yuqiao reservoir were BBB type, the electrophoretic pattern of BBB type was the same as typeⅡ-1 of Japanese silver crucian carp reported by Taniguchi.3. D-loop regions on mitochondrial DNA of 42 diploid crucian carps from Ziyahe River, Tianjin were amplified and digested with 14 restriction endonucleases. The results showed that the length of the D-loop regions amplified in 42 samples were 1.6kbp, which didn't reveal the length variation. Restriction sites were observed with seven enzymes, and two haplotypes were detected. The frequency of haplotypeⅠis 83.33%, while the frequency of haplotypeⅡis 16.67%; within population the haplotype diversity index were 0.284 and nucleotide diversity index were 0.0025, respectively.4. Chromosome preparation of pengze crucian carps of Ninghe, red crucian carps and gold fish was made from kindney cells by injecting PHA and colchicine in vivo. Their chromosomes were counted, and erythrocytes were measured. The results showed that chromosome of diploid crucian carps (red crucian carps and gold fish) were about 100; chromosomes of pengze crucian carps of Ninghe were about 150, and pengze crucian carps of Ninghe were considered triploid comparing with diploid. The size of erythrocytes of diploid crucian carps (red crucian carps and gold fish) and triploid crucian carps of Ninghe were 12.9-13.9μm and 16.3-17.3μm, respectively.