Structure And Evolution Analysis Of Mesoscale Severe Weather With Remote Sensing Data

The atmospheric remote sensing technologies include the active remote sensing and the passive remote sensing. The weather radar is the main active remote sensing means. The Doppler weather radar data provide the characteristic information of the tropical cyclone structure because of its high space and time resolution of sampling. Especially typhoon wind field information could be gained through the Doppler radial velocity, it will obviously improve the forecast accuracy of the tropical cyclone (typhoon) landed position and its intensity. Therefore Doppler radar is the important tool to monitor and forecast the disaster weather system. The satellite detection is the main passive remote sensing. The high space and time resolution satellite may serve as the effective instruction in the recognition of the atmosphere dynamic and thermodynamic process. Moreover, in the backland and the area of lacking the ground weather data, the satellite data can provide the wide view. Especially the 36 channels Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) offers the multispectral data for the characteristic information of air and land, such as, land/cloud boundaries, cloud properties, atmospheric water vapor, surface temperature, cloud-top temperature, cloud-top height; additionally, it also offers the characteristic information of the ozone.The structure and evolution of three examples of mesoscale convective weather are studied with the Doppler radar and satellite data. Remote sensing data reveal more information about the eye of typhoon, the cloud phase state, the high cloud and low cloud. Especially, the ozone data could give the useful message to distinguish the high and low cloud. We also obtain the atmosphere temperature profile using MODIS products derived from NASA, and compare with the sounding data, the results show that they are quite consistent. At the same time, we analyse the relationship between the cloud-top temperature and the ozone. Follows are conclusions: 1. The Doppler weather radar echos may provide well characteristic information of the tropical cyclone structure because of its high space and time resolution of sampling.2. The eye of the typhoon could be determined using the channel 31 characteristics.3. The phase state analysis result using BT8.5-11 and the BT11-12 tests comparing to 1.38μm test indicates that the effect of the phase state recognition is reasonable.4. We can distinguish well the approximate region of the high cloud and the low cloud through the scatter diagram, and validate by the channel 27 and the channel 35.5. The ozone channel 30 could be an indicatory index to distinguish the high cloud and low cloud.6. We discover a good linear relationship between the cloud-top temperature and the ozone channel on brightness temperature and radiation.7. The profiles of both MODIS product and sounding data are very similar for typhoon examples, but for a rainstorm example has some errors. The method examined the remote sensing material feasibility. Totally indicates that the remote sensing data is certain reliable.