The Observation And Analysis On The Structure And Development Of Cloud And Precipitation By Remote Sensing

It is very important to study the structure and the evolution of the precipitation cloud, not only for forecasting the quantitative precipitation, but also for identifying the effective operating conditions. In recent years, it supplied great advantages in the sophisticated space-time observation by the development of the multi-channel microwave radiometer, Doppler radar and satellite remote sensing. But the technology of the analysis is very complicated.This paper utilized the remote sensing information of the multi-channel microwave radiometer and Doppler radar, combined with the aircraft, satellite, sounding and the surface automatic weather station. This text analyzed the distribution of the liquid water in cloud, the structure of the cloud and the characteristics of the evolution of the precipitation directed towards the typical precipitation process in Beijing, using the different dates of the microwave radiometer, aircraft and Doppler radar, got the following conclusions:1. It was that the water vapor in cloud and cloud liquid water proliferated before the rainfall, but the time of precipitation lagged than the time when the water vapor jumped.2. In contrast found in this paper, in the case of smaller rainfall, the cloud liquid water content detected by radiometer was larger than that detected by aircraft. The distribution of the liquid water profile detected by radiometer and aircraft was of the whole trend of a certain consistency.3. The precipitations measured by the ground gauge and cloud water content detected by ground-based microwave radiometer were preferable correspondence, but the rainfall was in connection with the vertical profiles of the liquid water content and humidity. When the liquid water content was higher and distributed below the height of 0℃, the rainfall process was remarkable. When the air liquid water content was high and distributed above the height of 0℃with lower liquid water content, the rainfall process was not happened . Particularly, there was no rain when the relative humidity was low, even though the liquid water content was so plentiful in the air.4. The different rainfall was corresponding to temporal and spatial distribution of the radar echo. When the large value of the vertical profile of the radar echo was at the lower atmosphere, the surface precipitation was higher. But when the large value of the vertical profile of the radar echo was at the upper atmosphere, the surface precipitation was lower. So it was very important to play close attention to the height of higher value of the vertical profile of the radar echo in the precipitation enhancement.5. In the detected of the process of precipitation, time and space on the basic matching the Doppler radar and microwave radiometer data were performance of a certain relationship.