| The phytoplankton and zooplankton play the producer and primary consumer's roles in water ecosystem,and they are food fish live by.Studying species and quantity of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the rare and unique fish national nature reserve on Yangtze upriver was very significant to protect 70 rare and unique fish,Andrias davidianus and Lutra Lutra,and their survival environment.The community characteristics of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the rare and unique fish national nature reserve on Yangtze upriver were studied in June 2007,September 2007 and January 2008.1.phytoplanktonThere were 580 species of phytoplankton in the national nature reserve,which belonged to 161 genera of 7 phyla.Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta were the main phytoplankton.Compared to the total species of algae,the percentage respectively was 46.72%,32.07%and 13.97%.There were 411 species belonged to 125 genera of 7 phyla on Yangtze mainriver,201 species belonged to 70 genera of 6 phyla in Jinsha River,284 species belonged to 82 genera of 7 phyla of in Chishui River,174 species belonged to 68 genera of 6 phyla in Tuojiang River,and 132 species belonged to 48 genera of 5 phyla in Minjiang River.The numbers of genera and species of phytoplankton on Yangtze mainriver were more than those in Chishui River,the numbers in Chishui River were more than those in Jinsha River,the numbers in Jinsha River were more than those in Tuojiang River,and the numbers in Tuojiang River were more than those in Minjiang River.Most dominant species of phytoplankton in the national nature reserve belonged to Bacillariophyta.The dominant species of phytoplankton were Frailaria,Melosira, Synedra,Asterionella,Navicula,Cymbella,Gomphonema,Diatoma,Pinnularia, Nitzschia,Cyclotella,Cocconeis,Achnanthes,Stauroneis et al.These dominant species could indicate that the river had been polluted moderately.Besides,the dominant species of phytoplankton would change significantly along with the variation of time and space.In the national nature reserve,the quantity of phytoplankton was 88500～457333 ind/L in Jinsha River,56000～531250 ind/L on Yangtze mainriver,110000～120333 ind/L in Chishui River,110000～120333 ind/L in Minjiang River,and 64500～102750 ind/L in Tuojiang River.The biomass of phytoplankton was 0.199～2.018 mg/L in Jinsha River,0.136～1.210 mg/L on Yangtze mainriver,0.098～2.8544 mg/L in Chishui River,0.285～0.560 mg/L in Minjiang River,and 0.138～0.342 mg/L in Tuojiang River.In the national nature reserve,the number of phytoplankton quantity in Jinsha River was more than that on Yangtze mainriver,the number on Yangtze mainriver was more than that in Chishui River,the number in Chishui River was more than that in Minjiang River,and the number in Minjiang River was more than that in Tuojiang River. The number of phytoplankton biomass in Jinsha River was more than that on Yangtze mainriver,the number on Yangtze mainriver was more than that in Minjiang River,the number in Minjiang River was more than that in Chishui River,and the number in Chishui River was more than that in Tuojiang River.The quantity and biomass of Bacillariophyta were the biggest in most sampling stations,and the percentage of Bacillariophyta was over 90%,compared to the total biomass of algae.Furthermore, because of the influence of the water temperature and light intensity,the quantity and biomass of phytoplankton changed significantly along with the variation of time and space.In the national nature reserve,seeing from the quantity and biomass of phytoplankton,the water environment was the poor nutritional type in Jinsha River, Yangtze River,Chishui River,Minjiang River,and Tuojiang River.In the national nature reserve,the diversity indexes of phytoplankton were 4.75 in Jinsha River,4.66 on Yangtze mainriver,4.57 in Chishui River,4.86 in Minjiang River, and 3.85 in Tuojiang River.The uniformity indexes of phytoplankton were 0.62 in Jinsha River,0.60 on Yangtze mainriver,0.60 in Chishui River,0.62 in Minjiang River, and 0.53 in Tuojiang River.Rusults indicated that,the water environment in the national nature reserve was the poor nutritional type,the community structure of phytoplankton was stable,and the species distribution of phytoplankton was uniform.2.zooplanktonSpecies of zooplankton in the national nature reserve were mainly protozoa, rotifera,cladocera,and copepoda.There were 219 species of protozoa belonged to 110 genera,52 species of rotifera belonged to 25 genera,27 species of copepoda belonged to 21 genera,and 17 species of cladocera belonged to 11 genera.Compared to the total species of zooplankton,the percentage respectively was 69.52%,16.51%,8.57%,and 5.40%.In the national nature reserve,the quantity of zooplankton was 0.24～2.56 ind/L in Jinsha River,0.18～5.52 ind/L on Yangtze mainriver,0.10～2.00 ind/L in Chishui River, 0.09～0.20 ind/L in Minjiang River,and 0.24～3.71 ind/L in Tuojiang River..The biomass of zooplankton was 0.021～3.865 ug/L in Jinsha River,0.002～3.049 ug/L on Yangtze mainriver,0.005～4.146 ug/L in Chishui River,0.010～0.012 ug/L in Minjiang River,and 0.031～22.187 ug/L in Tuojiang River.In the national nature reserve,the number of zooplankton quantity in Tuojiang River was more than that in Jinsha River,the number in Jinsha River was more than that on Yangtze mainriver,the number on Yangtze mainriver was more than that in Chishui River,and the number in Chishui River was more than that in Minjiang River.The number of zooplankton biomass in Tuojiang River was more than that in Jinsha River, the number in Jinsha River was more than that in Chishui River,the number in Chishui River was more than that on Yangtze mainriver,and the number on Yangtze mainriver was more than that in Minjiang River.As well as phytoplankton,the quantity and biomass of zooplankton changed significantly along with the variation of time and space.In the national nature reserve,seeing from the biomass of zooplankton,the water environment was the poor nutritional type in Jinsha River,Yangtze River,Chishui River, Minjiang River,and Tuojiang River. |
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