Comparison Among Some Male Sterile Systems Of Common Wheat

On the basis of T-, Q-, Al-type male-sterile lines with same B-line and their 35 B-lines, 19 R-lines, plant fertility, subunits of glutenins and prolamins, and isozymes of eseterase and peroxidase in flag leaf and young spikelet were studied by means of hybridization, pollen iodine-dying, SDS-PAGE, A-PAGE, and isozyme electrophoresis and so on, in order to provide the foundation for wheat male sterility mechanism and hybrid wheat research. The results were as follows:(1)The fertility research showed that F1 hybrids of the cross QR3-37/Baimian 3 are highly sterile with grain set of lower than 2%, which can be used as male sterile line in the production of hybrid wheat as the model A*/R*//R. Meanwhile, ShengTong 6, R650, R3, and R676 were discovered as highly restowers of QR3-37/Baimian 3, which are helpful to the hybrid wheat breeding.(2) The glutenin subunit analysis showed that glutenin subunit composition of B-line Mianyang 92-8 are similar to its three male-sterile lines (TA92-8, QA92-8, AL92-8) at loci of Glu-A1 and Glu-B1, but different from each other at locus of Glu-D1. The R-line and the B-line have certain differences of glutenin subunit from each other. R-lines have largely no bands at the Glu-A1 locus, the high frequencies of the bands 6 and 8 and the low frequencies of the 7-band at the Glu-B1 locus, and B-lines have largely the band 2*, the low frequencies of the bands 6 and 8 and the high frequencies of the band 7 at the Glu-B1 locus.(3)The prolamine analysis showed that T, Q, AL-type sterile lines and their B-line Baimian 3 have certain differences of prolamine subunit composition from each other. R-lines and B-lines have similar number of prolamine bands, but have certain differences of prolamine subunit composition inαregion andωregion. R-lines have low frequency of the bandα-2, 4, 5, andω-1, 18, high freauency ofω-8, 10, but B-lines high frequency of the bandα-2, 4, 5, andω-1, 18, low freauency ofω-8, 10.(4)The isozyme results indicated that there are no obviously differences in the EST and POD of the flag leaf and young spikelets between 16 B-lines and 8 R-lines. There are, however, some differences among T, Q, AL-type sterile lines and their B-line Baimian 3. The differences depend on certain nuclear-cytoplasm interaction, which can be used for identification of different cytoplasm sterile lines.(5)It is clear that T, AL, Q-type male-sterile lines have certain difference from each other. Among them, T and AL-types are closer and different from Q-type.