Studies On Bryophyte Of The Nabanhe National Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province

The Nabanhe National Nature Reserve lies in the middle and north of Xishuangban,Yunnan province,between 100°32′-100°44′E and 22°04′-22°17′N.The climate is warm with plenty of rain,so the bryphytes are abundance at the north margin However,the bryophytes at the reserve have not been investigated and studied. The present studies of the flora and ecology of bryophytes in Nabanhe Nature Reserve can provide basic information for bryophytes research in China,and offer the scientific base for conservation and utilization of bryophyte in Nabanhe.Based on the studies on species diversity,flora,ecological community types and medicinal of bryophytes,the main results are follows:1.Characteristics of species of diversity in Nabanhe National Nature Reserve(1)Based on the collection and identification of more than 1300 speciment of bryophytes,385 species,3 subspecies and 3 varieties in 157 genera and 59 families of bryophytes were reported from Nabanhe National Nature Reserve.Of these,104 species and 1 subspecies,belonging to 42 genera and 23 families,were liverworts; 281 species,2 subspecies and 3 varieties,belonging to 115 genera and 36 families, were mosses,one species is new to mainland of China.9 species and 2 genera are new to Yunnan province.140 species,12 genera and 4 families are new to Xishuangbanna.(2)There are 3 dominant families in liverworts and 10 dominant families in mosses.Two main types of dominant families could be recognized,one type is the families with wide distribution in the Northem Hemisphere.The other type is the families with tropical distribution.It implied the composition characteristic of bryophytes in Nabanhe tropical areas.(3)Of the bryophytes living in different kinds of invironment,the number of the epiphytic species is the highest and second is the species on the soil,rock and the rotten logs.It might due to humid environment,rich in biodiversity and high coverage in tropical rainforest of Nabanhe Natrure Reserve.These three factors are suitable for growth and development of epiphytic bryophytes.2.Floristic analysis of bryophytes in Nabanhe Nature Reserve(1)The bryo-diversity in Nabanhe is rich and its bryloflora could be divided into ten geographical elements.Of those,Tropical elements,East Asian and China endemic elements account for 33.06%,31.99%and 13.71%,respectively.It implied that the bryoflora of Nabanhe had tropical and east asian characteristics.The result accords with its character of geographic location.The number of endemic species(51 species)to Chinain the reserve is also relatively high.It is suggested that we should pay more attensions to the endemic species and protect them effectively.(2)The relationships of bryoflora among Nabanhe and six selected areas, namely Jianfeng Mountain of Hainan,Jiuwan Mountain of Guangxi,Dawei mountain of Yunnan,Hangzhou,Shanghai and Baishilazi of Liaoning were analyzed.The species abundance,dominant families,generic similarity coefficient and geographical elements of these areas were Compared.The results of cluster analysis,according to floristic spectrums of the seven areas,showed that the bryoflora of Nabanhe was close to those of Jianfeng Mountain,Dawei mountain and Jiuwan Mountain,which are all located in tropical zone,while Baishilazi of Liaoning was far from the other areas. The comparison results also indicated the obvious tropical characteristic of bryoflora of the Nabanhe.3.Ecological community analysis of bryophytes in Nabanhe Nature Reserve(1)The main bryophyte are hydrophytia,petrophytia,geophytia,epoxylophytia and epiphytia.Different typies of vegetation and forests have different kinds of forest plants.(2)Bryophytes in the Nabanhe have different demands and preferences of growing environment.Some species are distributed widely and can grow at different environment,Such as T.delicatulum;While other species only can grow under humid environment,such as Hypopterygiaceae,Fissidentaceae,Mniaceae and so on. (3)The effections of some ecological factors such as altitude,epiphytic plant, slope on the growth of bryophytes were analyzed.The higer altitude is,the more species and communities are.The species of bryophytes at southwest slope are fewer and the species at northeast slope are relatively more.4.Medicinal bryophytes in Nabanhe Nature ReserveSixteen species,in 14 genera and 12 families of bryophytes were regarded as medicinal plants including 4 liverworts and 12 mosses.Pharmacodynamics of these plants were introduced and described.