The Study On Bioeffects Of Microalgae Induced By Laser And Laser Mutation Breeding

In this paper,the effective method and experiment parameter of laser irradiating seven microalgae was research, using four kinds of laser(from the 488nm wavelength distribution of the Blu-ray Disc 1.34μm area to the far-infrared region) irradiating these microalgae.This research result provides an experiment foundation for the field of laser employing in algae research and experiment base for laser biological effect mechanism research. Meanwhile,the result can provides a new idea or method of the modified algae and the culture of high qulity strains.Firstly,the influence induced by laser parameter,including dose,wavelength,power and so on.During laser irradiating,these algae was studied by the numbers.the biological effect induced by laser scanning confocal microscope, LSCM, UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscope, TEM simultaneity.The experiment result show that:1.There were the best dose,the most functional wavelength and the best combination of irradiating time and power in the course of laser irradiating these algae. 2.Different types of microalgae cells had different tolerant to the laser radiation. 3.The physiological state of microalgae cells had also effected the effection of laser irradiation.A range of low-dose irradiation, can promote the proliferation of algae growth, and improve the cell biomass and the content of metabolic product. The number of chondria of the algal cell with promoting effect increase effectively. The photosynthetic pigment in lamellar development futher, and the cells cover lager to enhance. The self-fluorescence spectroscopy, no significant changes in the fluorescence peaks. But the fluorescence intensity increased obviously. Meanwhile, the absorption peak of the cell pigment also enhanced obviously.Analysis the results, we know that the stimulus of the physiological and the effects of the laser on the algal cells are closely related to the changes in the the ultrastructure of cells, as well as the effective increase of the photosynthetic pigment. Thereby ,it improved the photosynthesis activity. The higher dose of laser irradiation on the algal cells have the lethal and mutagenic effect.Secondly, the laser-induced mutation and mutant physiological and biochemical characteristics of two high economic value alga:Haematococcus pluvialis and P.cruentums had been studied. In the experiment, we used Nd:YAP laser as mutagenic agent, the first step was diameter by step dilution plate coated screening method. Then, determ the pigment and the metabolites such as extracllular polysaccharides, proteins, unsaturated fatty acids as well as the activity detection of some important enzyme. Futher analysis, the genetic characteristics changes of mutant. Eventually, we got the fine lines with rapid growth, reproduction, strong resistance and high content of the target product:the H-N0.12 and the P-N0.5 mutation strains.The results show that:compared to the originals, the mutaion of H-N0.12 strain had a greater degree improvement in the growth rate, cell density, pigment content and dry weight. The content of the most important product—astaxanthin in the mutation strain increased by 46.37 %. It can be regarded as high quality algal strain with high-yielding quality astaxanthin. The P-NO.5 mutation strain also had increased ih this physiological and biochemical indicators. The ectracellular polysaccharide production increased 36.33 %, BPE content increased 166.33%, and the content of linoleic acid, the absolute value of AA and EPA and the enzyme activity improvement significantly. The capability of adversity was increasing. Therefore, it can also be regard as high quality algal strain. Futher, this study used the optical bioreactor to culture the P-NO.5 strain. Then, the cell biomass and the analysis of the major metabolite confirmed that, the genetic strains stability of P-NO.5, as well as the feasilility of scale cultivation.