The Research On The Strategy Of Space Of Seismic Refuge And Evacuation Plan In Tangshan City Center

The earthquake is the natural disaster which the humanity still resisted with difficulty until now, especially when it occurred in modernization big cities which had densely population and buildings, and the complex lifeline system. The casualty and the economic loss caused by earthquake are unable to estimate. Strengthening the defense of urban earthquake disaster, reducing casualties and enhancing the urban capacity of disaster reduction, have become the focus of domestic and international disaster reduction work. In the history of several major earthquake disasters in domestic and international, the urban space of seismic refuge and evacuation made a lot of contributions of reducing disasters, so gradually the urban space of seismic refuge and evacuation occupies a very important position in the system of urban earthquake disaster reduction and relief.Seismic refuge and evacuation plan is an important part of urban anti-seismic and disaster-prevention plan, when the earthquake occurred, the rational seismic refuge and evacuation plan at effective implementation can enable the resident to evacuate to the safe place in the short time. Placing the large number of homeless persons rapidly, maintaining the social stability of disaster areas, organizing the orderly self-help and mutual help through effective disaster management, can reduce casualties and the loss caused by earthquake to the greatest extent, and provide guarantee for city security and development.In history, Tangshan city has had occurred many destructive earthquakes, it is the main city of anti-seismic and disaster-prevention in China, and it is the important area of earthquake surveying. This thesis takes the space of seismic refuge and evacuation of Tangshan city center as the object of study, borrows some theories and practice from domestic and international. Though estimating and analyzing earthquake disaster, economic loss and the number of homeless and casualties, this thesis points out the weaknesses of the space of seismic refuge and evacuation in Tangshan city center, and proposes some strategies about the seismic refuge and evacuation plan.The strategy of space of seismic refuge and evacuation plan in Tangshan city center includes design strategy and implementation strategy. The design strategy has four important parts, the clear space system, the general layout, the site planning and the converting plan between peacetime and disaster. First, this thesis proposes center - fixed - emergency space of seismic refuge and evacuation of three grade levels. Then, it gives some design proposals about the location choosing, the general layout, the site planning and the facilities planning. Finally, this thesis proposes a strategy of plan converting between peacetime and disaster, this strategy has an important role for urban development and seismic disaster reduction.According to the physical circumstance of Tangshan city, this thesis researches the implementation strategy from the policy, management and technology three aspects. The policy strategy includes the rule of law and the public policy enacting, economic supporting, public participation and others. Strategy of management is discussed on reforming the structure of the administration, establishing the supervision mechanism, publicizing and educating. The technical strategy includes the proposal and responses about improving planning methods, using new technologies, establishing a scientific assessment system etc.