Quantum Information Processing In Atomic Optics

The quantum information science is the combination of quantum mechanics and theinformation theory, which is formalized in the 1980s, and it can solve many informationprocessing problems which cannot be achieved with the classical information theory. It israpidly growing brand-new cross science subject with a wide and profound future applicationfield since then. In the field of quantum information, cavity quantum electrodynamics(C-QED)is considered to be one of the most prospective physical systems to realize quantuminformation processing and then quantum computer. Meanwhile, schemes of C-QED areconsiderably applicable to other systems to realize the processes of quantum computation andthen the experimental studies.The idea of C-QED is to trap several atoms in a high finesse optical cavity. Since aRydberg atom can be considered as one 2-level system, it could be used as one bit dominatedby the quantum theory, so called quantum bit—the basic unit in the quantum informationprocessing. The trapped atoms will provide quantum memory and optical cavities will beutilized both to perform quantum gates and to transfer quantum information. Consequently,we can process quantum information via cavity-QED, such as preparing the entangled state,teleporting quantum state, realizing quantum logic gates, etc. In this thesis, the basic theory ofcavity QED is firstly outlined and then the applications to quantum information are studied.The following sections are included:Chapter 1 is a review and the generalization of Jaynes-Cumming model (J-C Model).In chapter 2, the basic theories of resonant cavity quantum electrodynamics system areelaborated, especially for technology of generating entangled states.In chapter 3, A scheme under another condition of large detuning is utilized for thegeneration of entangled states and realization of quantum logic gates and teleportation.