Reaseach On The Ecological Environment Impact Assessment Based On GIS And RS

As the growth of the population and the improvement of the level of social industrialization, with the scope and intensity of human activities in an unprecedented expansion, the natural world bear the more and more scars by human activities, in which of the crises of population, the energy, food, resource, in particular the crisis of ecological environment that has been the focus to the general public and the government nowadays. At the same time, ecology and environmental science which are universally thought as the scientific basis and a solution to ecological crisis are faced with challenges of improving and fulfilling their theories and methods. And the ecological environment impact assessment (EcIA), as one of the important means of environmental planning and management has become a hot field of environmental studies around the world.In this paper, supported by GIS / RS technology, and according to "ecological environment evaluation of technical specifications" which take trial effect on May 1, 2006 (HJ/T192-2006), and "environmental impact evaluation of technical guidelines -non-polluting ecological impact" (HJ / T19-1997), a comparative study with "GUIDELINES FOR ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM" (Approved Version: 26 June 2006) is proceeded. It can be noted that there is great differences in in EcIA ideas and methods between China and the UK,as followed: first, old-fashioned analysis procedures is still used in China and the second is that the concepts and practices of EcIA in China have lagged behind which is reflected in less consideration of the intergrity and comprehensivity of EcIA and less operationality in that there is not enough quantitative indicators. Then combined with the theories and practice of ecological and environmental assessment, a systematic study on the current methods of the ecological environment evaluation and an analytic description on GIS/RS technology application in EcIA have just been taken on. Lastly two cases on the EcIA of Ping Jiang Hydropower Station in the county of Hefeng in Hubei Province and a provincially-EcIA of Hubei Province in the year of 2000 are followed. In the process of the two EcIAs, which one is an engine tic EcIA and another is a regional EcIA, the method of quality indicators is adopted for quantitative assessment that is recommended by China's guideline in HJ / T19-1997. The results show that: the method of quality indicators for comprehensive ecological environmental impact assessment is convenience and operational, but need to pay attention to different temporal and spatial scale effect. At the same time it must be cleared that despite the system of the theories and methods of ecological environment impact assessment in China is relatively complete, but it is still certain lagger in compare with the advanced international ideas and technology abroad, in particular in specific applications for the ecological environment impact assessment in construction projects. Because GIS and RS provide data sources and data analysis tools for the evaluation of the ecological environment, it can be said GIS and RS technology applications will be an important direction of development of EcIA.