| Quantum correlated photon pairs are an essential resource for quantum information processing. it has been experimentally proved that optical parametric process is an efficient way to generate these correlated photons, including spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) inχ(2) nonlinear crystals and spontaneous four wave mixing (SFWM) inχ(3) nonlinear mediums. Recent years, there are growing interests in generating correlated photons through SFWM by utilizing theχ(3) nonlinearity in optical fibers. Especially the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) receives more attention, because it possesses many novel properties, such as high nonlinearity, endless single mode and flexible dispersion control. Correlated photon pairs produced by PCF in the visible band have been reported.In this thesis, we use a train of ultra-short laser pulses to pump an 11-m-long high nonlinear PCF and obtain correlated photons in telecom band, the wavelengths of which are 1536.61nm and 1552.53nm, respectively. The coincidence rates of the signal and idler photons are greater than their accidental coincidence rates, and the measurement results violate the inequality for classical sources by 17 standard deviations, which show the non-classicality of the photon pairs. We also investigate the influence of the pump polarization in birefringence PCF, as well as the coherence and spectrum properties of the obtained light fields. These experimental results and discussions are useful for research on PCF based source of correlated photon pairs.The main contents of this thesis are as the following: firstly, the application and preparation approaches of quantum correlated photon pairs; secondly, the theory of fiber based source of correlated photon pairs, including FWM and other factors; thirdly, the principle and application of photonic crystal fibers; finally, the experimental setup and results of the PCF based source of correlated photon pairs in telecom band.
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