Study Of Processing Method And Technique Of Surface-consistence

Under complex near-surface conditions such as fields on a hill, desert, the Gobi Desert, loess tableland , shoal, carrying out a seismic prospecting may produce reforming to varying degrees to time difference , frequency , phase , amplitude of seismic wavelet because of the diversity of arousing condition , geophone coupling and superficial lithology, which makes the seismic wavelet produce very big difference. The seismic data assumes the surface-consistent processing to remove the effect of shot point and receiving point on the seismic wavelet for wave field imaging, reservoir inversion and oil gas forecast to provide the high-quality seismic data. It is an arduousness task that the seismic data processing is confronted with under complicated the earth's surface condition.In the article, under the surface-consistent assumption ,after particularly analyzing the basal principle methods of surface-consistent amplitude correction, the surface-consistent deconvolution , surface consistent residual static corrections, the surface-consistent phase correction and two-step statistical wavelet deconvolution , aiming at the routine algorithm specifically for the surface-consistent amplitude correction and the surface-consistent deconvolution at present, we have improved an algorithm to raise seismic data processing result and arithmetic speed. And then as far as method be concerned, the routine surface-consistent amplitude correction is mainly to adopt every shot point, receiver point and different offset seismic records to counts a statistical energy and work out a amplitude compensation factor and compensate, but in the main body of surface-consistent amplitude correction in the article, fist of all mean square root amplitude value of seismic trace is calculated in the time windows and then adopt a Conjugate Gradient Algorithm to decompose mean square root amplitude to shot point, receiver point, offset and CMP amplitude components, finally apply compensation factor to complete the surface-consistent amplitude correction. in the surface-consistent deconvolution ,we also adopt Conjugate Gradient Spectral Decomposition Technique to decompose the seismic wavelet to four wavelets components which relate with shot point, receiver point, offset and CMP. The zero phase Ricker wavelet is an expectable output and we work out a synthetical deconvolution factor and carry out convolution filter with seismic traces. Now that this method being able to compresses seismic wavelet, can rectify the seismic wavelet phase spectrum, output the zero phase wavelet, and in a bigger degree improve Seismic resolution rate.After analyzing the algorithm of the surface-consistent amplitude correction , the surface-consistent deconvolution and two-step statistics wavelet deconvolution, making use of Fortran90 and Visual C + + 6.0 programming language, we has realized the surface-consistent amplitude correction , the surface-consistent deconvolution and two-step statistics wavelet deconvolution processing modules on the base of other researcher and carry out the test of theoretical model and actual data processing. Final result has testified the algorithmic correctness and availability.